Exam question 3 · Olympiad: Bible stories in order and festivals of many fai…

Select the explanation most accurate as to why Ramadan does not occur in a fixed season.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, Ramadan · What happens: select, not occur, fix · To what, where: explanation

This is exam question 3 of lesson 102 «Olympiad: Bible stories in order and festivals of many faiths ★★★» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 explanation	det
3	explanation	explanation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 accurate	advmod
5	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 explanation	amod
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	12 occur	mark
7	to	to	ADP	_	6 as	fixed
8	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	12 occur	advmod
9	Ramadan	Ramadan	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 occur	nsubj
10	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 occur	aux
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 occur	advmod
12	occur	occur	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 accurate	advcl
13	in	in	ADP	_	16 season	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 season	det
15	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 season	amod
16	season	season	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 occur	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the explanation		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent explanation=Theme
2	not occur	present · do-support	Ramadan		season	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	fix	participle				vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Ramadan is fixed in the same week of every solar year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ramadan	Ramadan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 fixed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fixed	aux:pass
3	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 week	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 week	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 week	amod
7	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fixed	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 year	case
9	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	11 year	det
10	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 year	amod
11	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 week	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fix	present · passive		Ramadan			week		vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: subject=Patient

Option 2

The date of Ramadan is chosen anew each year by lot

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 date	det
2	date	date	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chosen	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Ramadan	case
4	Ramadan	Ramadan	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 date	nmod
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 chosen	aux:pass
6	chosen	choose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	anew	anew	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 chosen	xcomp
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 year	det
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chosen	obl:unmarked
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 lot	case
11	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chosen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	choose	present · passive	lot	the date of Ramadan			year	anew property	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The Islamic calendar follows the moon and is about eleven days shorter than the solar year

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 calendar	det
2	Islamic	Islamic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 calendar	amod
3	calendar	calendar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 follows	nsubj
4	follows	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 moon	det
6	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 follows	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 shorter	cc
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 shorter	cop
9	about	about	ADV	_	10 eleven	advmod
10	eleven	eleven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 days	nummod
11	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 shorter	obl:unmarked
12	shorter	short	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 follows	conj
13	than	than	ADP	_	16 year	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 year	det
15	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 year	amod
16	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 shorter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	present	the Islamic calendar	the moon					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moon=Theme
2	is	present	the Islamic calendar not said here				day; year	short property	tree rules

Option 4

Ramadan is held only in years of a full harvest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ramadan	Ramadan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 held	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 held	aux:pass
3	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 years	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 years	case
6	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 held	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 harvest	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 harvest	det
9	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 harvest	amod
10	harvest	harvest	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 years	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present · passive		Ramadan			year		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/102-olympiad-bible-stories-in-order-and-festivals-of-many-faiths/e3/