Exam question 4 · Olympiad: Bible stories in order and festivals of many fai…

Which statement most accurately expresses the respectful reporting of a religious belief?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: statement · What happens: express, report · To what, where: respectful reporting, religious belief

This is exam question 4 of lesson 102 «Olympiad: Bible stories in order and festivals of many faiths ★★★» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 statement	det
2	statement	statement	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 expresses	nsubj
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 accurately	advmod
4	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	5 expresses	advmod
5	expresses	express	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 reporting	det
7	respectful	respectful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 reporting	amod
8	reporting	reporting	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 expresses	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 belief	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 belief	det
11	religious	religious	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 belief	amod
12	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 reporting	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 expresses	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	express	present	which statement	the respectful reporting of a religious belief				accurately property	vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reporting=Theme
2	report			a religious belief					nom reporting «communication transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

One which presents the belief as held by all people everywhere, without any exception at all

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 presents	nsubj
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 presents	nsubj
3	presents	present	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 belief	det
5	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 presents	obj
6	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 held	mark
7	held	hold	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 belief	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 people	case
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 people	det
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 held	obl
11	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 held	advmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 exception	punct
13	without	without	ADP	_	15 exception	case
14	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	15 exception	det
15	exception	exception	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 presents	conj
16	at	at	ADP	_	17 all	case
17	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	15 exception	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	present	present	One	the belief					vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent belief=Theme
2	hold	participle		the belief not said here				by all people; everywhere property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by people=Location

Option 2

One which avoids naming the faith in question entirely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 avoids	nsubj
3	avoids	avoid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 One	acl:relcl
4	naming	name	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 avoids	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 faith	det
6	faith	faith	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 naming	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 question	case
8	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 faith	nmod
9	entirely	entirely	ADV	_	4 naming	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	avoid	present							vn avoid-52 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	name	gerund		the faith		question		entirely property	vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent faith=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

One which attributes the belief to its followers, as in "Christians believe", without mockery

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 attributes	nsubj
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 attributes	nsubj
3	attributes	attribute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 belief	det
5	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 attributes	obj
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 followers	case
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 followers	nmod:poss
8	followers	follower	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 belief	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 believe	punct
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	14 believe	mark
11	in	in	ADP	_	10 as	fixed
12	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 believe	punct
13	Christians	Christian	PROPN	Number=Plur	14 believe	nsubj
14	believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 attributes	parataxis
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	14 believe	punct
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 mockery	punct
17	without	without	ADP	_	18 mockery	case
18	mockery	mockery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 attributes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attribute	present	One	the belief				to belief's followers	tree rules
2	believe in a quote	present	Christians						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

Option 4

One which declares the belief false

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	root	root
2	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 declares	nsubj
3	declares	declare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 One	acl:relcl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 belief	det
5	belief	belief	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 declares	obj
6	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 declares	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	declare speech: other	present		the belief				false property	vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent belief=Attribute

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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