Exam question 4 · The miracles of Jesus

Select the response that is consistent with the established positions concerning the possibility of miracles.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response, established positions · What happens: select, be, establish, concern · To what, where: response, possibility

This is exam question 4 of lesson 16 «The miracles of Jesus» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 positions	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 positions	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 positions	amod
10	positions	position	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 positions	acl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 possibility	det
13	possibility	possibility	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 concerning	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 miracles	case
15	miracles	miracle	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 possibility	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established positions; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
4	concern	gerund	the established positions not said here	the possibility of miracles		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus possibility=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Every Christian interprets every miracle literally

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 Christian	det
2	Christian	Christian	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 interprets	nsubj
3	interprets	interpret	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 miracle	det
5	miracle	miracle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 interprets	obj
6	literally	literally	ADV	_	3 interprets	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	interpret	present	every Christian	every miracle				literally property	vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent miracle=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The question is disputed and may be discussed respectfully with reasons

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 question	det
2	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 disputed	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 disputed	aux:pass
4	disputed	dispute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 discussed	cc
6	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 discussed	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 discussed	aux:pass
8	discussed	discuss	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 disputed	conj
9	respectfully	respectfully	ADV	_	8 discussed	advmod
10	with	with	ADP	_	11 reasons	case
11	reasons	reason	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 discussed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dispute	present · passive		the question					tree rules
2	discuss speech: other	may · passive						with reasons; respectfully property	vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: with reason=Co-Agent

Option 3

It has been demonstrated by scientific means that miracles occur every day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 demonstrated	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 demonstrated	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	4 demonstrated	aux:pass
4	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 means	mark
6	scientific	scientific	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 means	nsubj
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 demonstrated	advcl
8	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 occur	mark
9	miracles	miracle	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 occur	nsubj
10	occur	occur	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 demonstrated	advcl
11	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	12 day	det
12	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 occur	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	demonstrate	present · perfect · passive		It		vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	mean	present	scientific			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	occur	present	miracles		day	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It has been conclusively demonstrated that no miracle can occur

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 demonstrated	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 demonstrated	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 demonstrated	aux:pass
4	conclusively	conclusively	ADV	_	5 demonstrated	advmod
5	demonstrated	demonstrate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	10 occur	mark
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 miracle	det
8	miracle	miracle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 occur	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 occur	aux
10	occur	occur	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 demonstrated	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	demonstrate	present · perfect · passive		It				conclusively property	vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic
2	occur	can	no miracle						vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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