Test 10 · ★★ · The Sermon on the Mount

A judge asks: «Is turning the other cheek weak or strong?» Which answer is best reasoned?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: judge · What happens: ask, turn, reason · To what, where: other cheek, answer · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 17 «The Sermon on the Mount» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A judge asks: «Is turning the other cheek weak or strong?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 judge	det
2	judge	judge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 asks	nsubj
3	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	3 asks	punct
5	«	«	PUNCT	_	7 turning	punct
6	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 turning	aux
7	turning	turn	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 asks	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 cheek	det
9	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 cheek	amod
10	cheek	cheek	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 turning	obj
11	weak	weak	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 turning	xcomp
12	or	or	CCONJ	_	13 strong	cc
13	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 weak	conj
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 turning	punct
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 asks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	present	a judge						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	turn in a quote	present · progressive	a judge not said here	the other cheek				weak property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent cheek=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which answer is best reasoned?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	DET	PronType=Int	2 answer	det
2	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 reasoned	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 reasoned	aux:pass
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 reasoned	amod
5	reasoned	reason	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 reasoned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reason	present · passive		which answer					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Weak, because anyone who doesn't hit back is a coward

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Weak	weak	INTJ	_	12 coward	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 anyone	punct
3	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	4 anyone	case
4	anyone	anyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 coward	nsubj
5	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 hit	nsubj
6	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 hit	aux
7	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 hit	advmod
8	hit	hit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 anyone	acl:relcl
9	back	back	ADV	_	8 hit	advmod
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 coward	cop
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 coward	det
12	coward	coward	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hit back	present · do-support							vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	anyone	a coward					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Strong, because it takes courage to stop revenge, though Christians disagree how far it goes

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 takes	amod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 takes	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	5 takes	mark
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 takes	nsubj
5	takes	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	courage	courage	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 takes	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 stop	mark
8	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 takes	advcl
9	revenge	revenge	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stop	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 disagree	punct
11	though	though	SCONJ	_	13 disagree	mark
12	Christians	Christian	PROPN	Number=Plur	13 disagree	nsubj
13	disagree	disagree	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 takes	parataxis
14	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	15 far	advmod
15	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	17 goes	advmod
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 goes	nsubj
17	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 disagree	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	take	present	it	courage		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Theme
2	stop	to-infinitive		revenge		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality revenge=Eventuality
3	disagree	present	Christians			vn correspond-36.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	go	present	revenge		far property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Strong, because the Bible says so and that settles it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 says	parataxis
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 says	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 says	mark
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Bible	det
5	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 says	nsubj
6	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	so	so	ADV	_	6 says	advmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 settles	cc
9	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	10 settles	nsubj
10	settles	settle	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 says	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 settles	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	the Bible						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	settle	present	that	Bible					vn odge-46-1 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme it=Location

Option 4

Weak, because it never changes anything ever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Weak	weak	INTJ	_	6 changes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 changes	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 changes	mark
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 changes	nsubj
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 changes	advmod
6	changes	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 changes	obj
8	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	6 changes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not change	present	it	anything			ever		vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/17-the-sermon-on-the-mount/t10/