Test 10 · What Christians believe: God, Jesus and the Holy Spirit
«My Bible has 73 books and yours has 66, so one's a fake!» says a Catholic friend, half joking. What's true?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Bible, yours, one, Catholic friend, half · What happens: have, be, say, joke · To what, where: 73 books, 66, fake · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 10 of lesson 21 «What Christians believe: God, Jesus and the Holy Spirit» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: «My Bible has 73 books and yours has 66, so one's a fake!» says a Catholic friend, half joking.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 has | punct |
| 2 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 Bible | nmod:poss |
| 3 | Bible | Bible | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 has | nsubj |
| 4 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | 73 | 73 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 6 books | nummod |
| 6 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 has | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 has | cc |
| 8 | yours | your | PRON | Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 has | nsubj |
| 9 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 has | conj |
| 10 | 66 | 66 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 9 has | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 says | punct |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 says | advmod |
| 13 | one | one | PRON | Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 fake | nsubj |
| 14 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 fake | cop |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 fake | det |
| 16 | fake | fake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 says | ccomp |
| 17 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 16 fake | punct |
| 18 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 19 says | punct |
| 19 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 has | conj |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 friend | det |
| 21 | Catholic | catholic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 friend | amod |
| 22 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 says | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 half | punct |
| 24 | half | half | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac | 22 friend | conj |
| 25 | joking | joke | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 half | acl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 has | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have in a quote | present | My Bible | 73 books | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient | ||||
| 2 | have in a quote | present | yours | 66 | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 66=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | one | a fake | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | say speech: express | present | a Catholic friend and half | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | joke speech: other | gerund | half not said here | vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What's true?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 true | nsubj |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 true | cop |
| 3 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 true | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | true property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Both are fake, the real one has 100 books
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 fake | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 fake | cop |
| 3 | fake | fake | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 has | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 one | det |
| 6 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 one | amod |
| 7 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 has | nsubj |
| 8 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 fake | parataxis |
| 9 | 100 | 100 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 10 books | nummod |
| 10 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 has | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Both | fake property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | present | the real one | 100 books | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Patient |
Option 2
The Protestant Bible is missing torn-out pages
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Bible | det |
| 2 | Protestant | Protestant | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Bible | compound |
| 3 | Bible | Bible | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 pages | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 pages | cop |
| 5 | missing | missing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 pages | amod |
| 6 | torn | tear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 out | amod |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 torn | punct |
| 8 | out | out | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pages | compound |
| 9 | pages | page | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tear | participle | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | the Protestant Bible | missing out pages | tree rules |
Option 3
The Catholic Bible is fake, it has extra pages added by monks
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Bible | det |
| 2 | Catholic | Catholic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Bible | compound |
| 3 | Bible | Bible | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 fake | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fake | cop |
| 5 | fake | fake | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 has | punct |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 has | nsubj |
| 8 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 fake | parataxis |
| 9 | extra | extra | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 pages | amod |
| 10 | pages | page | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 has | obj |
| 11 | added | add | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 pages | acl |
| 12 | by | by | ADP | _ | 13 monks | case |
| 13 | monks | monk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 added | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the Catholic Bible | fake property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | have | present | Bible | extra pages | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent page=Patient | ||||
| 3 | add speech: assert | participle | extra pages not said here | by monks | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Both are real; churches accept a few books differently
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 real | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 real | cop |
| 3 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 6 accept | punct |
| 5 | churches | church | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 accept | nsubj |
| 6 | accept | accept | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 real | conj |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 books | det |
| 8 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 books | amod |
| 9 | books | book | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 accept | obj |
| 10 | differently | differently | ADV | _ | 6 accept | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Both | real property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | accept | present | churches | a few books | differently property | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/21-god-jesus-and-the-holy-spirit/t10/