Test 4 · What Christians believe: God, Jesus and the Holy Spirit
Sam, who goes to no church, asks: «If God's so great, why do you lot say you can't explain him?» Best reply?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Sam, you · What happens: go, ask, do, say, not explain · To what, where: church, you, God · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 4 of lesson 21 «What Christians believe: God, Jesus and the Holy Spirit» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Sam, who goes to no church, asks: «If God's so great, why do you lot say you can't explain him?»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sam | Sam | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 asks | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 goes | punct |
| 3 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 goes | nsubj |
| 4 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Sam | acl:relcl |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 church | case |
| 6 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 church | det |
| 7 | church | church | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 goes | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Sam | punct |
| 9 | asks | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 great | punct |
| 11 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 16 great | punct |
| 12 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 16 great | mark |
| 13 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 great | nsubj |
| 14 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 13 God | case |
| 15 | so | so | ADV | _ | 16 great | advmod |
| 16 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 asks | ccomp |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 do | punct |
| 18 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 19 do | advmod |
| 19 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 say | advcl |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 do | obj |
| 21 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 do | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 great | conj |
| 23 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 26 explain | nsubj |
| 24 | ca | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 explain | aux |
| 25 | n't | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 explain | advmod |
| 26 | explain | explain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 say | ccomp |
| 27 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 explain | obj |
| 28 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 16 great | punct |
| 29 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 9 asks | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | go | present | Sam | no church | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to church=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | present | Sam | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | do in a quote | present | you | lot obl:unmarked | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert in a quote | present | Sam not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | not explain speech: assert in a quote | can | you | God | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Best reply?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 2 reply | amod |
| 2 | reply | reply | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 reply | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The options
Option 1
Only priests are allowed to explain God
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 2 priests | advmod |
| 2 | priests | priest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 allowed | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 allowed | aux:pass |
| 4 | allowed | allow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 explain | mark |
| 6 | explain | explain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 allowed | xcomp |
| 7 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 explain | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | allow | present · passive | priests | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | explain speech: assert not said to happen | to-infinitive | priests not said here | God | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent god=Topic |
Option 2
Christians made God up, so they forgot the details
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 2 made | nsubj |
| 2 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 made | obj |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 2 made | compound:prt |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 forgot | punct |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 8 forgot | advmod |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 forgot | nsubj |
| 8 | forgot | forget | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 made | conj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 details | det |
| 10 | details | detail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 forgot | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make up | past | Christians | God | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme god=Pivot | ||||
| 2 | forget | past | Christians = christian | the details | tree rules |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Christians believe God is bigger than any words can hold
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 2 believe | nsubj |
| 2 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 bigger | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 bigger | cop |
| 5 | bigger | big | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 2 believe | ccomp |
| 6 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 10 hold | mark |
| 7 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 words | det |
| 8 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 hold | nsubj |
| 9 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 hold | aux |
| 10 | hold | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 bigger | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | present | Christians | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 2 | is | present | God | big property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hold | can | any words | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
The Bible forbids anyone to talk about God
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Bible | det |
| 2 | Bible | Bible | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 forbids | nsubj |
| 3 | forbids | forbid | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | anyone | anyone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 3 forbids | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 talk | mark |
| 6 | talk | talk | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 forbids | advcl |
| 7 | about | about | ADP | _ | 8 God | case |
| 8 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 talk | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | forbid | present | the Bible | anyone | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer anyone=Theme | ||||
| 2 | talk | to-infinitive | the Bible not said here | about God | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about god=Topic |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/21-god-jesus-and-the-holy-spirit/t4/