Test 7 · ★★ · Dilemmas about truth and friendship

Kids at the bus stop: "Dare ya to throw a stone at that car. Go on, chicken." What is the best-reasoned response?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, best reasoned response · What happens: dare, throw, go on, be · To what, where: ya, stone, car, chicken

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 41 «Dilemmas about truth and friendship» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Kids at the bus stop: "Dare ya to throw a stone at that car.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Kids	kid	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 stop	nsubj
2	at	at	ADP	_	5 stop	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 stop	det
4	bus	bus	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stop	compound
5	stop	stop	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 Dare	punct
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 Dare	punct
8	Dare	dare	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 stop	parataxis
9	ya	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 Dare	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 throw	mark
11	throw	throw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 Dare	xcomp
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 stone	det
13	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 throw	obj
14	at	at	ADP	_	16 car	case
15	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	16 car	det
16	car	car	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 throw	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dare in a quote	infinitive		ya					vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic
2	throw in a quote	to-infinitive		a stone		that car			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent stone=Theme at car=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Go on, chicken."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Go	go	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	on	on	ADV	_	1 Go	advmod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 chicken	punct
4	chicken	chicken	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Go	obl
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Go	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	1 Go	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go on	imperative	you not said here	chicken					vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Sentence 3: What is the best-reasoned response?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 response	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 response	amod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 best	punct
6	reasoned	reasoned	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 response	amod
7	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best reasoned response						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Push the kid who dared you, because he deserves it for being so annoying

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Push	push	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 kid	det
3	kid	kid	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Push	obj
4	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 dared	nsubj
5	dared	dare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 kid	acl:relcl
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 dared	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 deserves	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 deserves	mark
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 deserves	nsubj
10	deserves	deserve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Push	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 deserves	obj
12	for	for	ADP	_	15 annoying	case
13	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	15 annoying	cop
14	so	so	ADV	_	15 annoying	advmod
15	annoying	annoying	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 deserves	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	push	imperative	you not said here	the kid			vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kid=Theme
2	dare	past	the kid		you		vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient
3	deserve	present	kid	it			tree rules
4	is	gerund				annoying property	tree rules

Option 2

Do it, because being called chicken is worse than any damage

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Do	obj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 called	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 called	mark
5	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 called	aux:pass
6	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Do	advcl
7	chicken	chicken	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 worse	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 worse	cop
9	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 called	xcomp
10	than	than	ADP	_	12 damage	case
11	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	12 damage	det
12	damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 worse	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	do	imperative	you not said here	it		vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
2	call	gerund · passive	you not said here			vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»
3	is	present	chicken		than any damage; bad property	tree rules

Option 3

Throw it but miss on purpose, so you look brave and nobody is hurt

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Throw	throw	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Throw	obj
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	4 miss	cc
4	miss	miss	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Throw	conj
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 purpose	case
6	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 miss	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 look	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	10 look	advmod
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	10 look	nsubj
10	look	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Throw	advcl
11	brave	brave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 look	xcomp
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 hurt	cc
13	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	15 hurt	nsubj:pass
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 hurt	aux:pass
15	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 brave	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	throw	imperative	you not said here	it			vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
2	miss	present	you not said here		purpose		vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
3	look	present	you			brave property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
4	hurt	present · passive		nobody			vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Say no, because it could hurt someone, and dares don't make it OK

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Say	say	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	no	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	1 Say	discourse
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 hurt	punct
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 hurt	mark
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 hurt	nsubj
6	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 hurt	aux
7	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Say	advcl
8	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 hurt	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 make	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 make	cc
11	dares	dare	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 make	nsubj
12	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 make	aux
13	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 make	advmod
14	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Say	parataxis
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 make	obj
16	OK	ok	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 make	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	imperative	you not said here			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	hurt	could	it	someone		vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer someone=Patient
3	not make	present · do-support	dares	it	ok property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/41-dilemmas-about-truth-and-friendship/t7/