Test 8 · ★★ · Dilemmas about truth and friendship Dad asks, "Were you with Tom all afternoon?" Tom begged you to say yes, but he was at the river alone. What is the best choice?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Dad, Tom, best choice · What happens: ask, be, beg, say · To what, where: you, river · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 41 «Dilemmas about truth and friendship» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Dad asks, "Were you with Tom all afternoon?"
nsubj punct punct cop obl case obl det obl:unmarked punct punct root Dad NOUN asks VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT Were AUX you PRON with ADP Tom PROPN all DET afternoon NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 2 asks nsubj 2 asks ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 you punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 6 you punct 5 Were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 you cop 6 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 asks obl 7 with with ADP _ 8 Tom case 8 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 asks obl 9 all all DET PronType=Tot 10 afternoon det 10 afternoon afternoon NOUN Number=Sing 2 asks obl:unmarked 11 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 asks punct 12 " " PUNCT _ 2 asks punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask present Dad afternoon with Tom vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a in a quote past you tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Tom begged you to say yes, but he was at the river alone.
nsubj obj mark xcomp obj punct cc nsubj cop case det obl advmod punct root Tom PROPN begged VERB you PRON to PART say VERB yes INTJ , PUNCT but CCONJ he PRON was AUX at ADP the DET river NOUN alone ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 begged nsubj 2 begged beg VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 begged obj 4 to to PART _ 5 say mark 5 say say VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 begged xcomp 6 yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 5 say obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 13 river punct 8 but but CCONJ _ 13 river cc 9 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 river nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 13 river cop 11 at at ADP _ 13 river case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 river det 13 river river NOUN Number=Sing 2 begged obl 14 alone alone ADV _ 13 river advmod 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 begged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beg speech: request past Tom you vn beg-58.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Recipient clause=Topic 2 say speech: assert not said to happen to-infinitive Tom not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent yes=Topic 3 is past Tom the river alone property tree rules
Sentence 3: What is the best choice?
cop det amod nsubj punct root What PRON is AUX the DET best ADJ choice NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 choice det 4 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 5 choice amod 5 choice choice NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the best choice tree rules
The options Option 1 Say yes, and then tell Tom he owes you a big favour
obj punct cc advmod conj iobj nsubj parataxis obj det amod obj root Say VERB yes INTJ , PUNCT and CCONJ then ADV tell VERB Tom PROPN he PRON owes VERB you PRON a DET big ADJ favour NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 1 Say obj 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 tell punct 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 tell cc 5 then then ADV PronType=Dem 6 tell advmod 6 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Say conj 7 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 6 tell iobj 8 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 owes nsubj 9 owes owe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 tell parataxis 10 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 9 owes obj 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 favour det 12 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 13 favour amod 13 favour favour NOUN Number=Sing 9 owes obj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent yes=Topic 2 tell speech: assert infinitive you not said here Tom then vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent tom=Recipient 3 owe present Tom a big favour you vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent you=Goal favour=Theme
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer Tell the truth, because his parents need to know he may be in danger
The tree, 14 words det obj punct mark nmod:poss nsubj parataxis mark xcomp obj aux cop case obl root Tell VERB the DET truth NOUN , PUNCT because SCONJ his PRON parents NOUN need VERB to PART know VERB he PRON may AUX be AUX in ADP danger NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 truth det 3 truth truth NOUN Number=Sing 1 Tell obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 need punct 5 because because SCONJ _ 8 need mark 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 parents nmod:poss 7 parents parent NOUN Number=Plur 8 need nsubj 8 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Tell parataxis 9 to to PART _ 10 know mark 10 know know VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 need xcomp 11 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 know obj 12 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 danger aux 13 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 15 danger cop 14 in in ADP _ 15 danger case 15 danger danger NOUN Number=Sing 1 Tell obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert imperative you not said here the truth vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient 2 need present his parents vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme 3 know not said to happen to-infinitive his parents not said here he vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus 4 is may danger tree rules
Option 3 Say you can't remember, so you are not really lying
nsubj aux advmod ccomp punct advmod nsubj aux advmod advmod parataxis root Say VERB you PRON ca AUX n't PART remember VERB , PUNCT so ADV you PRON are AUX not PART really ADV lying VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 remember nsubj 3 ca can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 remember aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 remember advmod 5 remember remember VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Say ccomp 6 , , PUNCT _ 12 lying punct 7 so so ADV _ 12 lying advmod 8 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 lying nsubj 9 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 lying aux 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 12 lying advmod 11 really really ADV _ 12 lying advmod 12 lying lie VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Say parataxis
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 not remember can you vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent 3 not lie present · progressive you vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Option 4 Say yes, because Tom is your best friend and he asked you really nicely
The tree, 14 words obj punct mark nsubj cop nmod:poss amod conj cc nsubj conj iobj advmod advmod root Say VERB yes INTJ , PUNCT because SCONJ Tom PROPN is AUX your PRON best ADJ friend NOUN and CCONJ he PRON asked VERB you PRON really ADV nicely ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 1 Say obj 3 , , PUNCT _ 9 friend punct 4 because because SCONJ _ 9 friend mark 5 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 9 friend nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 friend cop 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 friend nmod:poss 8 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 9 friend amod 9 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 1 Say conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 asked cc 11 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 asked nsubj 12 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 1 Say conj 13 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 12 asked iobj 14 really really ADV _ 15 nicely advmod 15 nicely nicely ADV _ 12 asked advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert imperative you not said here vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent yes=Topic 2 is a present Tom your best friend tree rules 3 ask speech: ask past Tom you nicely property vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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