Test 9 · ★★ · Dilemmas about truth and friendship

A judge at the olympiad asks: "Isn't loyalty always good?" What is the best-reasoned answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: judge, loyalty, reasoned answer · What happens: ask, not be, be, reason · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 41 «Dilemmas about truth and friendship» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A judge at the olympiad asks: "Isn't loyalty always good?"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 judge	det
2	judge	judge	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 asks	nsubj
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 olympiad	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 olympiad	det
5	olympiad	olympiad	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 judge	nmod
6	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	13 good	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 good	punct
9	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 good	cop
10	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 good	advmod
11	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 good	nsubj
12	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	13 good	advmod
13	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 asks	ccomp
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	13 good	punct
15	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 good	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	present	a judge at the olympiad						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not is in a quote	present	loyalty					always, good property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the best-reasoned answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 answer	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 reasoned	advmod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 best	punct
6	reasoned	reason	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 answer	amod
7	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the reasoned answer						tree rules
2	reason	participle							vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Loyalty is good, but loyalty to wrongdoing hurts people, so it has limits

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 good	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 good	cop
3	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 hurts	punct
5	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 hurts	cc
6	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 hurts	nsubj
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 wrongdoing	case
8	wrongdoing	wrongdoing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 loyalty	nmod
9	hurts	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 good	conj
10	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 hurts	obj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 has	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	14 has	advmod
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 has	nsubj
14	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 good	parataxis
15	limits	limit	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	Loyalty		good property	tree rules
2	hurt	present	loyalty to wrongdoing	people		vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer people=Patient
3	have	present	Loyalty	limits		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent limit=Patient

Option 2

Yes, loyalty is always good, because the Bible says so and that ends the matter

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 good	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 good	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 good	cop
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 good	advmod
6	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 says	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 says	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Bible	det
10	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 says	nsubj
11	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 good	parataxis
12	so	so	ADV	_	11 says	advmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 ends	cc
14	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	15 ends	nsubj
15	ends	end	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 says	conj
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 matter	det
17	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ends	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	loyalty		always, good property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	present	the Bible			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	end	present	that	the matter		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality matter=Eventuality

Option 3

Yes, because if you are not loyal people will call you names

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	11 call	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 call	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 call	mark
4	if	if	SCONJ	_	9 people	mark
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 people	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 people	cop
7	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 people	advmod
8	loyal	loyal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 people	amod
9	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 call	nsubj
10	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 call	aux
11	call	call	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
12	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 call	obj
13	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 call	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a a condition, not said to happen	present	you	loyal people					tree rules
2	call	future	loyal people	you					vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme name=Result

Option 4

No, loyalty is silly, because you can never trust any friend

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 silly	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 silly	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 silly	cop
5	silly	silly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 trust	punct
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 trust	mark
8	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 trust	nsubj
9	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 trust	aux
10	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	11 trust	advmod
11	trust	trust	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 silly	conj
12	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	13 friend	det
13	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 trust	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	loyalty					silly property	tree rules
2	not trust	can	you	any friend					vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/41-dilemmas-about-truth-and-friendship/t9/