Exam question 3 · Finders keepers and what belongs to whom

Identify the principal reason for which borrowing without permission is regarded as morally deficient, notwithstanding the return of the item.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, item · What happens: identify, regard, notwithstand, return · To what, where: principal reason, permission, return

This is exam question 3 of lesson 42 «Finders keepers and what belongs to whom» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 borrowing	case
6	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	7 borrowing	det
7	borrowing	borrowing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 reason	nmod
8	without	without	SCONJ	_	11 regarded	mark
9	permission	permission	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 regarded	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 regarded	aux:pass
11	regarded	regard	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Identify	advcl
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	14 deficient	mark
13	morally	morally	ADV	_	14 deficient	advmod
14	deficient	deficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 regarded	xcomp
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 notwithstanding	punct
16	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 deficient	advcl
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 return	det
18	return	return	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 notwithstanding	obj
19	of	of	ADP	_	21 item	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 item	det
21	item	item	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 return	nmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason	for which borrowing	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	regard	present · passive		permission	deficient property	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	notwithstand	gerund		the return of the item		tree rules
4	return		the item			nom return «communication intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It invariably results in damage to the item concerned

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 results	nsubj
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	3 results	advmod
3	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 damage	case
5	damage	damage	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 results	nmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 item	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 item	det
8	item	item	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 damage	nmod
9	concerned	concerned	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 item	amod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

It is permissible solely where the owner is a minor

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 permissible	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 permissible	cop
3	permissible	permissible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	3 permissible	advmod
5	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	10 minor	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 owner	det
7	owner	owner	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 minor	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 minor	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 minor	det
10	minor	minor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 permissible	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					permissible, solely property	tree rules
2	is a	present	the owner	a minor					tree rules

Option 3

It constitutes no wrong whatsoever provided the item is returned

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 wrong	det
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 constitutes	xcomp
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 provided	nsubj
6	provided	provide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 wrong	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 item	det
8	item	item	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 returned	nsubj:pass
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 returned	aux:pass
10	returned	return	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 provided	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It		wrong property	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
2	provide	past	whatsoever			vn ensure-99 «NP V that S»: agent=Precondition clause=Theme
3	return	present · passive		the item		vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It deprives the owner of the right to grant or refuse consent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 deprives	nsubj
2	deprives	deprive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 owner	det
4	owner	owner	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 deprives	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 right	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 right	det
7	right	right	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 owner	nmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 grant	mark
9	grant	grant	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 deprives	advcl
10	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 refuse	cc
11	refuse	refuse	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 grant	conj
12	consent	consent	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 refuse	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	deprive	present	It	the owner of the right	vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent owner=Source
2	grant	to-infinitive			vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent
3	refuse	infinitive		consent	vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/42-finders-keepers-and-what-belongs-to-whom/e3/