Exam question 4 · Sharing and fairness

Given that a group excludes a child from a game in which places remain available, ascertain the response most consistent with sound ethical reasoning.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: group, places, you · What happens: give, exclude, remain, ascertain · To what, where: child, game, response

This is exam question 4 of lesson 43 «Sharing and fairness» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 excludes	mark
2	that	that	SCONJ	_	5 excludes	mark
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 group	det
4	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 excludes	nsubj
5	excludes	exclude	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 ascertain	advcl
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 child	det
7	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 excludes	obj
8	from	from	ADP	_	10 game	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 game	det
10	game	game	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 child	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 which	case
12	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 remain	obl
13	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 remain	nsubj
14	remain	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 game	acl:relcl
15	available	available	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 remain	xcomp
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 ascertain	punct
17	ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 response	det
19	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 ascertain	obj
20	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	21 consistent	advmod
21	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 response	amod
22	with	with	ADP	_	25 reasoning	case
23	sound	sound	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 reasoning	nsubj
24	ethical	ethical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 reasoning	amod
25	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 consistent	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	17 ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	other	roles by
1	give	participle						vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient
2	exclude	present	a group		a child	a game		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer child=Beneficiary from game=Eventuality
3	remain	present	places			a game	available property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in which=Location
4	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the response				vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The exclusion is justified, provided that the child is unfamiliar to the group

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 exclusion	det
2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 justified	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 justified	cop
4	justified	justified	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 provided	punct
6	provided	provide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 justified	conj
7	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 unfamiliar	mark
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 child	det
9	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 unfamiliar	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 unfamiliar	cop
11	unfamiliar	unfamiliar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 provided	ccomp
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 group	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 group	det
14	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 unfamiliar	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	the exclusion	justified property	tree rules
2	provide	past	the exclusion not said here		vn ensure-99 «NP V that S»: agent=Precondition
3	is	present	the child	to the group; unfamiliar property	tree rules

Option 2

The exclusion is of no moral consequence, games being trivial matters

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 exclusion	det
2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 consequence	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 consequence	cop
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 consequence	case
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 consequence	det
6	moral	moral	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 consequence	amod
7	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 games	punct
9	games	game	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 consequence	conj
10	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 games	acl
11	trivial	trivial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 matters	amod
12	matters	matter	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 being	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the exclusion					of no moral consequence and games	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The exclusion is unjustified, no fair reason existing and harm being done to the child

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 exclusion	det
2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 unjustified	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 unjustified	cop
4	unjustified	unjustified	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 reason	punct
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 reason	det
7	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 reason	amod
8	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 unjustified	conj
9	existing	exist	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 done	csubj:pass
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 harm	cc
11	harm	harm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 existing	conj
12	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	13 done	aux:pass
13	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 reason	acl:relcl
14	to	to	ADP	_	16 child	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 child	det
16	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 done	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	the exclusion		unjustified property	tree rules
2	exist	gerund				vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	harm	infinitive				vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	do	gerund · passive	existing	no fair reason not said here	to the child	vn act-114-1 «NP V»

Option 4

The exclusion is justified, a group being entitled to exclude whomsoever it pleases

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 exclusion	det
2	exclusion	exclusion	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 justified	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 justified	cop
4	justified	justified	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 entitled	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 group	det
7	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 entitled	nsubj:pass
8	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 entitled	aux:pass
9	entitled	entitle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 justified	parataxis
10	to	to	PART	_	11 exclude	mark
11	exclude	exclude	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 entitled	xcomp
12	whomsoever	whomsoever	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 exclude	obj
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 pleases	nsubj
14	pleases	please	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 whomsoever	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	the exclusion		justified property	tree rules
2	entitle	gerund · passive		a group		tree rules
3	exclude	to-infinitive		whomsoever		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer whomsoever=Theme
4	please	present	group	whomsoever not said here		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus whomsoever=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/43-sharing-and-fairness/e4/