Exam question 2 · Cheating, rules and games

Identify the principal criterion by which legitimate assistance with homework is to be distinguished from cheating.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, principal criterion · What happens: identify, distinguish · To what, where: principal criterion, legitimate assistance

This is exam question 2 of lesson 44 «Cheating, rules and games» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 criterion	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 criterion	amod
4	criterion	criterion	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 distinguished	obl
7	legitimate	legitimate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 assistance	amod
8	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 distinguished	nsubj:pass
9	with	with	ADP	_	10 homework	case
10	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 assistance	nmod
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 distinguished	aux:pass
12	to	to	PART	_	14 distinguished	mark
13	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 distinguished	aux:pass
14	distinguished	distinguish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 criterion	acl:relcl
15	from	from	ADP	_	16 cheating	case
16	cheating	cheating	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 distinguished	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal criterion					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent criterion=Theme
2	distinguish	present · passive	the principal criterion	legitimate assistance with homework				from cheating	vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent subject=Theme from cheating=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Whether the assistance enables the pupil to learn, the work remaining the pupil's own

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	_	4 enables	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 assistance	det
3	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 enables	nsubj
4	enables	enable	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 pupil	det
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 enables	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 learn	mark
8	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 pupil	acl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 work	punct
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 work	det
11	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 enables	obl
12	remaining	remain	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 work	acl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 pupil	det
14	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 own	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 pupil	case
16	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 remaining	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	enable	present	the assistance	the pupil	the work obl	tree rules
2	learn	to-infinitive	the assistance not said here	the pupil not said here		vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	remain	gerund	the work not said here	the pupil's own		vn seem-109-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme own=Attribute

Option 2

Whether the assistance results in a mark of the highest order

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	_	4 results	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 results	det
3	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 results	compound
4	results	result	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 mark	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 mark	det
7	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 results	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 order	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 order	det
10	highest	high	ADJ	Degree=Sup	11 order	amod
11	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 mark	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mark			the highest order					nom mark «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

Whether the assistance is rendered by a person older than the pupil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	_	5 rendered	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 assistance	det
3	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rendered	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rendered	aux:pass
5	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 person	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 person	det
8	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rendered	obl
9	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 person	amod
10	than	than	ADP	_	12 pupil	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 pupil	det
12	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 older	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present · passive	a person	the assistance					vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 4

Whether the assistance is rendered free of charge

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whether	whether	SCONJ	_	5 rendered	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 assistance	det
3	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rendered	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 rendered	aux:pass
5	rendered	render	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	free	free	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 rendered	xcomp
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 charge	case
8	charge	charge	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 free	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	render	present · passive		the assistance				free property	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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