Test 3 · ★★ · Cheating, rules and games

Your cousin says, "That runner took drugs but he still ran the race himself, so it's not cheating." Is he right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cousin, runner · What happens: say, take, run, not cheat, be · To what, where: drugs, race · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 44 «Cheating, rules and games» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your cousin says, "That runner took drugs but he still ran the race himself, so it's not cheating."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 cousin	nmod:poss
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 took	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 took	punct
6	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 runner	det
7	runner	runner	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 took	nsubj
8	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
9	drugs	drug	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 took	obj
10	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 ran	cc
11	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 ran	nsubj
12	still	still	ADV	_	13 ran	advmod
13	ran	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 took	conj
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 race	det
15	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 ran	obj
16	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	13 ran	obl
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 cheating	punct
18	so	so	ADV	_	22 cheating	advmod
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 cheating	nsubj
20	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 cheating	aux
21	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 cheating	advmod
22	cheating	cheat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 took	advcl
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct
24	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your cousin				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	take in a quote	past	that runner	drugs			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drug=Theme
3	run in a quote	past	runner	the race	still	runner obl	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme race=Trajectory
4	not cheat in a quote	present · progressive	cousin				vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is he right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	runner					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

No, banned drugs give an unfair edge over honest runners and can harm health

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 give	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 give	punct
3	banned	ban	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 drugs	amod
4	drugs	drug	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 give	nsubj
5	give	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 edge	det
7	unfair	unfair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 edge	amod
8	edge	edge	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 give	obj
9	over	over	ADP	_	11 runners	case
10	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 runners	amod
11	runners	runner	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 give	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 harm	cc
13	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 harm	aux
14	harm	harm	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 give	conj
15	health	health	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 harm	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	ban	participle				vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer
2	give	present	banned drugs	a unfair edge	honest runners	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent edge=Theme
3	harm	can	banned drugs not said here	health		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus health=Experiencer

Option 2

Yes, as long as he did all of the running himself with his own legs, it is fair

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 did	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	as	as	ADV	_	4 long	advmod
4	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 did	advmod
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	7 did	mark
6	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 did	nsubj
7	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 did	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	16 legs	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 legs	det
11	running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 legs	csubj
12	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	11 running	obj
13	with	with	ADP	_	16 legs	case
14	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 legs	nmod:poss
15	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 legs	amod
16	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 all	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 fair	punct
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 fair	expl
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 fair	cop
20	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 did	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	do	past	he	all	long property	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent all=Eventuality
2	run	gerund		himself = he		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme himself=Trajectory
3	is	present	he not said here		fair property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, because all runners take drugs anyway

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 take	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 take	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 take	mark
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 runners	det
5	runners	runner	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 take	nsubj
6	take	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	drugs	drug	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 take	obj
8	anyway	anyway	ADV	_	6 take	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	present	all runners	drugs				anyway property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent drug=Theme

Option 4

No, but only because the drugs are expensive

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	9 expensive	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 expensive	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 expensive	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	9 expensive	advmod
5	because	because	SCONJ	_	9 expensive	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 drugs	det
7	drugs	drug	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 expensive	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 expensive	cop
9	expensive	expensive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the drugs					expensive property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/44-cheating-rules-and-games/t3/