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Test 11 · ★★ · Whistle-blowing: when to tell

A judge at the olympiad asks: "Isn't telling on classmates disloyal?" What is the best-reasoned answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: judge, reasoned answer · What happens: ask, not tell, be, reason · To what, where: classmates disloyal · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 45 «Whistle-blowing: when to tell» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A judge at the olympiad asks: "Isn't telling on classmates disloyal?"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 judge	det
2	judge	judge	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 asks	nsubj
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 olympiad	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 olympiad	det
5	olympiad	olympiad	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 judge	nmod
6	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 telling	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 telling	punct
9	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 telling	aux
10	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 telling	advmod
11	telling	tell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 asks	ccomp
12	on	on	ADP	_	14 disloyal	case
13	classmates	classmate	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 disloyal	compound
14	disloyal	disloyal	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 telling	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	11 telling	punct
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 telling	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	present	a judge at the olympiad						vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	not tell speech: assert in a quote	present · progressive				classmates disloyal			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the best-reasoned answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 answer	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 reasoned	advmod
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 best	punct
6	reasoned	reason	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 answer	amod
7	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
8	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the reasoned answer						tree rules
2	reason	participle							vn deduce-97.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, telling is always disloyal, so it is always wrong

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 disloyal	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	telling	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 disloyal	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 disloyal	cop
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 disloyal	advmod
6	disloyal	disloyal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 wrong	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	12 wrong	advmod
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 wrong	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 wrong	cop
11	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	12 wrong	advmod
12	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 disloyal	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	gerund							vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present						always, disloyal property	tree rules
3	is	present	it					always, wrong property	tree rules

Option 2

No, because loyalty to classmates never matters at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	8 matters	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 matters	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 matters	mark
4	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 matters	nsubj
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 classmates	case
6	classmates	classmate	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 loyalty	nmod
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 matters	advmod
8	matters	matter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 all	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 matters	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not matter	present	loyalty to classmates			all			vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 3

It depends only on whether you like the people involved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 depends	nsubj
2	depends	depend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	2 depends	advmod
4	on	on	SCONJ	_	7 like	mark
5	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	7 like	mark
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 like	nsubj
7	like	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 depends	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 people	det
9	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 like	obj
10	involved	involved	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 like	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	depend	present	It						vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent
2	like	present	you	the people				involved property	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Pivot people=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Loyalty matters, but not to people who are harming someone weaker; protecting them comes first

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 matters	nsubj
2	matters	matter	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 people	punct
4	but	but	CCONJ	_	7 people	cc
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 people	advmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 people	case
7	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 matters	obl
8	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 harming	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 harming	aux
10	harming	harm	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 people	acl:relcl
11	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	10 harming	obj
12	weaker	weak	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	11 someone	amod
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	14 protecting	punct
14	protecting	protect	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	16 comes	csubj
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 protecting	obj
16	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 matters	parataxis
17	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	16 comes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	matter	present	Loyalty					to people	vn matter-91 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to people=Experiencer
2	harm	present · progressive	people	someone					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus someone=Experiencer
3	protect	gerund		people					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary
4	come	present	protecting					first property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/45-whistle-blowing-when-to-tell/t11/