Exam question 1 · Burial, cremation, the wake and the grave

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the process of cremation?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, process · To what, where: process, cremation

This is exam question 1 of lesson 63 «Burial, cremation, the wake and the grave» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 process	det
10	process	process	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 cremation	case
12	cremation	cremation	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 process	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the process of cremation	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	process		cremation		nom process «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The interment of the body at sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 interment	det
2	interment	interment	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 body	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 body	det
5	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 interment	nmod
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 sea	case
7	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 interment	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	inter			the body		sea			nom interment «event transitive»: of=patient at=place

Option 2

A surgical procedure performed upon the living

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 procedure	det
2	surgical	surgical	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 procedure	amod
3	procedure	procedure	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	performed	perform	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 procedure	acl
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 living	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 living	det
7	living	living	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 performed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	perform	participle		a surgical procedure not said here				upon the living	vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The reduction of the body to ashes by intense heat, after death, without sensation

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 reduction	det
2	reduction	reduction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 body	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 body	det
5	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reduction	nmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 ashes	case
7	ashes	ash	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 reduction	nmod
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 heat	case
9	intense	intense	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 heat	amod
10	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reduction	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 death	punct
12	after	after	ADP	_	13 death	case
13	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reduction	conj
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 sensation	punct
15	without	without	ADP	_	16 sensation	case
16	sensation	sensation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reduction	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reduce		intense heat	the body				to ashes	nom reduction «act transitive»: of=patient to=obl by=agent

Option 4

The preservation of the body in ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 preservation	det
2	preservation	preservation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 body	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 body	det
5	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 preservation	nmod
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 ice	case
7	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 preservation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	preserve			the body		ice			nom preservation «act transitive»: of=patient in=place

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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