Test 2 · Burial, cremation, the wake and the grave
The vicar intones at the grave: «We therefore commit his body to the ground, earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust, in sure and certain hope of the resurrection.» What is happening?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: vicar, We, resurrection · What happens: intone, commit, hope, happen · To what, where: grave, body, sure hope
This is test 2 of lesson 63 «Burial, cremation, the wake and the grave» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: The vicar intones at the grave: «We therefore commit his body to the ground, earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust, in sure and certain hope of the resurrection.»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 vicar | det |
| 2 | vicar | vicar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 intones | nsubj |
| 3 | intones | intone | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 6 grave | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 grave | det |
| 6 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 intones | obl |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 commit | punct |
| 8 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 11 commit | punct |
| 9 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 11 commit | nsubj |
| 10 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 11 commit | advmod |
| 11 | commit | commit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 intones | conj |
| 12 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 body | nmod:poss |
| 13 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 commit | obj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 16 ground | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 ground | det |
| 16 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 commit | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 earth | punct |
| 18 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 ground | appos |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 earth | case |
| 20 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 earth | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 ashes | punct |
| 22 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 earth | conj |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 ashes | case |
| 24 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 ashes | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 dust | punct |
| 26 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 ground | conj |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 dust | case |
| 28 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 dust | nmod |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 hope | punct |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 hope | case |
| 31 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 hope | amod |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 certain | cc |
| 33 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 sure | conj |
| 34 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 commit | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 resurrection | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 resurrection | det |
| 37 | resurrection | resurrection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 hope | nmod |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 intones | punct |
| 39 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 3 intones | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | intone | present | the vicar | the grave | vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | commit in a quote | present | We | vicar's body | sure hope of the resurrection | to the ground and dust to dust; therefore property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent body=Theme to ground=Destination | ||
| 3 | hope in a quote | the resurrection | nom hope «feeling intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is happening?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 happening | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 happening | aux |
| 3 | happening | happen | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 happening | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | present · progressive | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The grave is being cleaned with dust before the service begins
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 grave | det |
| 2 | grave | grave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cleaned | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 cleaned | aux:pass |
| 4 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 cleaned | aux:pass |
| 5 | cleaned | clean | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 dust | case |
| 7 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cleaned | obl |
| 8 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 11 begins | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 service | det |
| 10 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 begins | nsubj |
| 11 | begins | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 cleaned | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | clean | present · passive | the grave | with dust | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with dust=Instrument | ||||
| 2 | begin | present | the service | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
Option 2
The service is being cancelled because of the weather
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 service | det |
| 2 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cancelled | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 cancelled | aux:pass |
| 4 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 cancelled | aux:pass |
| 5 | cancelled | cancel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 9 weather | case |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 because | fixed |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 weather | det |
| 9 | weather | weather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 cancelled | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | cancel | present · passive | the service | because the weather | tree rules |
Option 3
Grandad is being sent to prison for something he did
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grandad | Grandad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 sent | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 sent | aux:pass |
| 3 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 sent | aux:pass |
| 4 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 prison | case |
| 6 | prison | prison | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sent | obl |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 something | case |
| 8 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 4 sent | obl |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 did | nsubj |
| 10 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 something | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | send | present · passive | Grandad | prison | for something | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to prison=Destination | |||
| 2 | do | past | Grandad | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Grandad's body is being buried, with Christian hope
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grandad | Grandad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 body | nmod:poss |
| 2 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 1 Grandad | case |
| 3 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 buried | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 buried | aux:pass |
| 5 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 buried | aux:pass |
| 6 | buried | bury | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 hope | punct |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 hope | case |
| 9 | Christian | Christian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 hope | amod |
| 10 | hope | hope | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 buried | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bury | present · passive | Grandad's body | with Christian hope | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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