Test 9 · Burial, cremation, the wake and the grave Oliver's big sister, a Gen X mum, says, «Back in my day we read old headstones on school trips, rad history.» («Rad» means «great, cool».) Why might old graves be interesting?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: big sister, we, Rad, old graves · What happens: say, read, mean, be · To what, where: old headstones, school trips · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 9 of lesson 63 «Burial, cremation, the wake and the grave» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Oliver's big sister, a Gen X mum, says, «Back in my day we read old headstones on school trips, rad history.»
nmod:poss case amod nsubj punct det compound compound nmod punct punct punct advmod case nmod:poss obl nsubj ccomp amod obj case compound obl punct compound conj punct punct root Oliver PROPN 's PART big ADJ sister NOUN , PUNCT a DET Gen PROPN X NOUN mum NOUN , PUNCT says VERB , PUNCT « PUNCT Back ADV in ADP my PRON day NOUN we PRON read VERB old ADJ headstones NOUN on ADP school NOUN trips NOUN , PUNCT rad NOUN history NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oliver Oliver PROPN Number=Sing 4 sister nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Oliver case 3 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 4 sister amod 4 sister sister NOUN Number=Sing 11 says nsubj 5 , , PUNCT _ 9 mum punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 mum det 7 Gen Gen PROPN Number=Sing 9 mum compound 8 X x NOUN Number=Sing 9 mum compound 9 mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 4 sister nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 4 sister punct 11 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 12 , , PUNCT _ 19 read punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 Back punct 14 Back back ADV _ 19 read advmod 15 in in ADP _ 17 day case 16 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 17 day nmod:poss 17 day day NOUN Number=Sing 19 read obl 18 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 19 read nsubj 19 read read VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 says ccomp 20 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 21 headstones amod 21 headstones headstone NOUN Number=Plur 19 read obj 22 on on ADP _ 24 trips case 23 school school NOUN Number=Sing 24 trips compound 24 trips trip NOUN Number=Plur 19 read obl 25 , , PUNCT _ 27 history punct 26 rad rad NOUN Number=Sing 27 history compound 27 history history NOUN Number=Sing 24 trips conj 28 . . PUNCT _ 11 says punct 29 » » PUNCT _ 11 says punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Oliver's big sister a Gen X mum vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 read in a quote present we old headstones school trips and rad history day vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent headstone=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: («Rad» means «great, cool».)
punct punct nsubj punct punct amod punct ccomp punct punct punct root ( PUNCT « PUNCT Rad NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT great ADJ , PUNCT cool ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 « « PUNCT _ 3 Rad punct 3 Rad rad NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 Rad punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 « « PUNCT _ 9 cool punct 7 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 9 cool amod 8 , , PUNCT _ 7 great punct 9 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means ccomp 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 cool punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 12 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Rad vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 3: Why might old graves be interesting?
advmod aux amod nsubj cop punct root Why ADV might AUX old ADJ graves NOUN be AUX interesting ADJ ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Why why ADV PronType=Int 6 interesting advmod 2 might might AUX VerbForm=Fin 6 interesting aux 3 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 graves amod 4 graves grave NOUN Number=Plur 6 interesting nsubj 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 interesting cop 6 interesting interesting ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 ? ? PUNCT _ 6 interesting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is might old graves interesting property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice They were all made last year to look old for tourists
nsubj aux:pass advmod amod obl:unmarked mark advcl xcomp case obl root They PRON were AUX all ADV made VERB last ADJ year NOUN to PART look VERB old ADJ for ADP tourists NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 made nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 3 all all ADV _ 4 made advmod 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 last last ADJ Degree=Pos 6 year amod 6 year year NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl:unmarked 7 to to PART _ 8 look mark 8 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 made advcl 9 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 8 look xcomp 10 for for ADP _ 11 tourists case 11 tourists tourist NOUN Number=Plur 8 look obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past · passive They year all property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product 2 look to-infinitive for tourists; old property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Option 2 They are only for ghosts to read at night
nsubj cop advmod case mark acl case obl root They PRON are AUX only ADV for ADP ghosts NOUN to PART read VERB at ADP night NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 ghosts nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 ghosts cop 3 only only ADV _ 5 ghosts advmod 4 for for ADP _ 5 ghosts case 5 ghosts ghost NOUN Number=Plur root root 6 to to PART _ 7 read mark 7 read read VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 ghosts acl 8 at at ADP _ 9 night case 9 night night NOUN Number=Sing 7 read obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present They for ghosts tree rules 2 read to-infinitive night vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer They tell real stories of people who lived long ago
nsubj amod obj case nmod nsubj acl:relcl advmod advmod root They PRON tell VERB real ADJ stories NOUN of ADP people NOUN who PRON lived VERB long ADV ago ADV The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 tell nsubj 2 tell tell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 real real ADJ Degree=Pos 4 stories amod 4 stories story NOUN Number=Plur 2 tell obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 people case 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 4 stories nmod 7 who who PRON PronType=Rel 8 lived nsubj 8 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 people acl:relcl 9 long long ADV Degree=Pos 10 ago advmod 10 ago ago ADV _ 8 lived advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tell speech: assert present They real stories of people vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient 2 live past people ago property vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 4 They hide treasure under every stone for children to find
nsubj obj case det obl case obl mark advcl root They PRON hide VERB treasure NOUN under ADP every DET stone NOUN for ADP children NOUN to PART find VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 hide nsubj 2 hide hide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 treasure treasure NOUN Number=Sing 2 hide obj 4 under under ADP _ 6 stone case 5 every every DET PronType=Tot 6 stone det 6 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing 2 hide obl 7 for for ADP _ 8 children case 8 children child NOUN Number=Plur 2 hide obl 9 to to PART _ 10 find mark 10 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 hide advcl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hide present They treasure every stone for children vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent treasure=Patient under stone=Location 2 find to-infinitive They not said here vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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