Test 1 · ★★ · Souls, ghosts and stories
«Ghosts are real, I saw one on a YouTube video, it's facts,» says a Gen Alpha boy in California (facts = true). What's the best reply?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Ghosts, Gen boy, video, best reply · What happens: be, see, say · To what, where: one, YouTube video, facts · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 1 · ★★ of lesson 74 «Souls, ghosts and stories» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: «Ghosts are real, I saw one on a YouTube video, it's facts,» says a Gen Alpha boy in California (facts = true).
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 real | punct |
| 2 | Ghosts | ghost | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 real | nsubj |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 real | cop |
| 4 | real | real | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 says | obl |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 saw | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 saw | nsubj |
| 7 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 real | conj |
| 8 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 saw | obj |
| 9 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 video | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 video | det |
| 11 | YouTube | YouTube | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 video | compound |
| 12 | video | video | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 saw | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 facts | punct |
| 14 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 facts | nsubj |
| 15 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 facts | cop |
| 16 | facts | fact | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 real | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 real | punct |
| 18 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 19 says | punct |
| 19 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 boy | det |
| 21 | Gen | Gen | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 boy | compound |
| 22 | Alpha | Alpha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 Gen | flat |
| 23 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 says | obj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 California | case |
| 25 | California | California | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 boy | nmod |
| 26 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 27 facts | punct |
| 27 | facts | fact | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 boy | appos |
| 28 | = | = | SYM | _ | 29 true | punct |
| 29 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 facts | amod |
| 30 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 27 facts | punct |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 19 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | Ghosts | real property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | see in a quote | past | a Gen boy = boy | one | a YouTube video | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | is a in a quote | present | video | facts | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | present | a Gen boy | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What's the best reply?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 reply | det |
| 4 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 5 reply | amod |
| 5 | reply | reply | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 6 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the best reply | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Ghosts only show up on camera
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ghosts | ghost | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 show | nsubj |
| 2 | only | only | ADV | _ | 3 show | advmod |
| 3 | show | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | up | up | ADP | _ | 3 show | compound:prt |
| 5 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 camera | case |
| 6 | camera | camera | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 show | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show up | present | Ghosts | camera | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on camera=Location |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Videos can be faked; there's no good evidence for ghosts
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Videos | video | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 faked | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 faked | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 faked | aux:pass |
| 4 | faked | fake | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 7 's | punct |
| 6 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 7 's | expl |
| 7 | 's | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 faked | parataxis |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 10 evidence | det |
| 9 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 evidence | amod |
| 10 | evidence | evidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 's | nsubj |
| 11 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 ghosts | case |
| 12 | ghosts | ghost | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 evidence | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fake | can · passive | Videos | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | be | present | no good evidence for ghosts | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
He should be scared to go home
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 scared | nsubj |
| 2 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 scared | aux |
| 3 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 4 scared | cop |
| 4 | scared | scared | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 go | mark |
| 6 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 scared | advcl |
| 7 | home | home | ADV | _ | 6 go | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | should | He | scared property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | go | to-infinitive | He not said here | home property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 4
If it's on YouTube with lots of views, it must be true, so he's right
The tree, 17 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 3 's | mark |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 's | nsubj |
| 3 | 's | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 true | advcl |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 YouTube | case |
| 5 | YouTube | YouTube | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 's | obl |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 lots | case |
| 7 | lots | lot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 's | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 views | case |
| 9 | views | view | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 lots | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 's | punct |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 true | nsubj |
| 12 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 true | aux |
| 13 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 true | cop |
| 14 | true | true | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 right | punct |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 19 right | advmod |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 right | nsubj |
| 18 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 right | cop |
| 19 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 true | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be a condition, not said to happen | present | it | YouTube | with lots of views | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on youtube=Location | |||
| 2 | is | must | it | true property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is | present | YouTube | right property | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/74-souls-ghosts-and-stories/t1/