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Test 9 · ★★ · Souls, ghosts and stories

«Do trees have spirits? Is that a thing?» asks Leo in Melbourne. What's the fair answer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: trees, fair answer · What happens: have, be, ask · To what, where: spirits, Leo, Melbourne · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 74 «Souls, ghosts and stories» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «Do trees have spirits?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct
2	Do	do	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 have	aux
3	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	spirits	spirit	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 have	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have in a quote	infinitive · do-support	trees	spirits					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is that a thing?» asks Leo in Melbourne.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 thing	cop
2	that	that	ADP	_	4 thing	case
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 thing	det
4	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 asks	ccomp
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 thing	punct
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 thing	punct
7	asks	ask	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 asks	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 Melbourne	case
10	Melbourne	Melbourne	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 asks	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 asks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						that a thing	tree rules
2	ask speech: ask in a quote	present			Leo	Melbourne			vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent leo=Recipient

Sentence 3: What's the fair answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the fair answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Only Christians believe trees have spirits

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	2 Christians	advmod
2	Christians	Christian	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 believe	nsubj
3	believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 believe	ccomp
6	spirits	spirit	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	present	Christians						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	have	present	trees	spirits					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spirit=Patient

Option 2

No; only stupid people believe that

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 believe	discourse
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	6 believe	punct
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 people	advmod
4	stupid	stupid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 people	amod
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 believe	nsubj
6	believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 believe	mark

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	present	stupid people						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Some cultures believe so; others don't; respect both

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	2 cultures	det
2	cultures	culture	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 believe	nsubj
3	believe	believe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	so	so	ADV	_	3 believe	advmod
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 do	punct
6	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 do	nsubj
7	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 believe	conj
8	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 do	advmod
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 respect	punct
10	respect	respect	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 believe	parataxis
11	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	10 respect	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	believe	present	some cultures						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer
2	not do	present	others						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	respect	infinitive		both					vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer both=Stimulus

Option 4

Yes; science has measured tree spirits with special instruments in forests

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 measured	discourse
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	science	science	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 measured	nsubj
4	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 measured	aux
5	measured	measure	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 spirits	compound
7	spirits	spirit	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 measured	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 instruments	case
9	special	special	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 instruments	amod
10	instruments	instrument	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 measured	obl
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 forests	case
12	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 measured	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	measure	present · perfect	science	tree spirits		forests		with special instruments	vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme spirit=Value

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/74-souls-ghosts-and-stories/t9/