Exam question 3 · Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together

Select the response consistent with the teaching recorded in Matthew 5:37.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: select, record · To what, where: response, teaching

This is exam question 3 of lesson 81 «Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	amod
5	with	with	ADP	_	7 teaching	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 teaching	det
7	teaching	teaching	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consistent	obl
8	recorded	record	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 teaching	acl
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 Matthew	case
10	Matthew	Matthew	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 recorded	obl:agent
11	5:37	5:37	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 Matthew	flat
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	record	participle		the teaching not said here					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Affirmations are binding solely when uttered within a place of worship

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Affirmations	affirmation	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 binding	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 binding	aux
3	binding	bind	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	solely	solely	ADV	_	6 uttered	advmod
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 uttered	advmod
6	uttered	utter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 binding	xcomp
7	within	within	ADP	_	9 place	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 place	det
9	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 uttered	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 worship	case
11	worship	worship	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 place	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bind	present · progressive	Affirmations						tree rules
2	utter speech: other	participle	Affirmations not said here					within a place of worship; solely property	vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent

Option 2

An affirmation is credible only when accompanied by a solemn oath

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 affirmation	det
2	affirmation	affirmation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 credible	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 credible	cop
4	credible	credible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 accompanied	advmod
6	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 accompanied	advmod
7	accompanied	accompany	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 credible	advcl
8	by	by	ADP	_	11 oath	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 oath	det
10	solemn	solemn	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 oath	amod
11	oath	oath	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 accompanied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	a affirmation					credible property	tree rules
2	accompany	participle	a affirmation not said here					by a solemn oath	vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by oath=Destination

Option 3

Oaths are to be employed whenever the speaker anticipates disbelief

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Oaths	oath	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 employed	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 employed	aux:pass
3	to	to	PART	_	5 employed	mark
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 employed	aux:pass
5	employed	employ	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	whenever	whenever	ADV	PronType=Rel	9 anticipates	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 speaker	det
8	speaker	speaker	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 anticipates	nsubj
9	anticipates	anticipate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 employed	advcl
10	disbelief	disbelief	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 anticipates	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	present · passive		Oaths					vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	anticipate	present	the speaker	disbelief				whenever property	vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disbelief=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The plain affirmation or denial of an honest person ought to suffice without the addition of oaths

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 affirmation	det
2	plain	plain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 affirmation	amod
3	affirmation	affirmation	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 suffice	nsubj
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 denial	cc
5	denial	denial	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 affirmation	conj
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 person	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 person	det
8	honest	honest	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 person	amod
9	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 denial	nmod
10	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 suffice	aux
11	to	to	PART	_	12 suffice	mark
12	suffice	suffice	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
13	without	without	ADP	_	15 addition	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 addition	det
15	addition	addition	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 suffice	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 oaths	case
17	oaths	oath	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 addition	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	suffice	ought	the plain affirmation or denial of a honest person					without the addition of oaths	tree rules
2	deny			a honest person					nom denial «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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