Test 1 · Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together

Your mate says, "Lying's fine as long as it's only once." What's the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, Lying, best answer · What happens: say, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 81 «Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Your mate says, "Lying's fine as long as it's only once."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 fine	punct
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 fine	punct
6	Lying	lying	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 fine	nsubj
7	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 fine	cop
8	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 says	ccomp
9	as	as	ADV	_	10 long	advmod
10	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 fine	advmod
11	as	as	SCONJ	_	15 once	mark
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 once	nsubj
13	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 once	cop
14	only	only	ADV	_	15 once	advmod
15	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	10 long	advcl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 fine	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 fine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Your mate		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is in a quote	present	Lying	fine, long property	tree rules
3	is in a quote	present	Lying	once property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's the best answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1

One lie is fine, but two lies is when it becomes a problem

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	2 lie	nummod
2	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fine	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fine	cop
4	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 becomes	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	12 becomes	cc
7	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 lies	nummod
8	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 becomes	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 becomes	cop
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	12 becomes	mark
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 becomes	nsubj
12	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fine	conj
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 problem	det
14	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	One lie					fine property	tree rules
2	is	present	two lies	a problem				become property	tree rules

Option 2

Lying is only a problem if you get caught by a teacher

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lying	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 problem	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 problem	cop
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 problem	advmod
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 problem	det
5	problem	problem	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	if	if	SCONJ	_	9 caught	mark
7	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 caught	nsubj:pass
8	get	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 caught	aux:pass
9	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 problem	advcl
10	by	by	ADP	_	12 teacher	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 teacher	det
12	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 caught	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	lie	gerund			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	present		a problem	tree rules
3	catch a condition, not said to happen	present · passive	a teacher	you	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 3

He's right, people always forget a single lie straight away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 forget	punct
5	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 forget	nsubj
6	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	7 forget	advmod
7	forget	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	conj
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 lie	det
9	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 lie	amod
10	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 forget	obj
11	straight	straight	ADV	_	12 away	advmod
12	away	away	ADV	_	7 forget	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	forget	present	people	a single lie				always, away property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

One big lie can spend all the trust, and then even your true words get doubted

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	One	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 lie	nummod
2	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lie	amod
3	lie	lie	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spend	nsubj
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 spend	aux
5	spend	spend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	8 trust	det:predet
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 trust	det
8	trust	trust	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spend	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 doubted	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 doubted	cc
11	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	17 doubted	advmod
12	even	even	ADV	_	15 words	advmod
13	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 words	nmod:poss
14	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 words	amod
15	words	word	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 doubted	nsubj:pass
16	get	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 doubted	aux:pass
17	doubted	doubt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 spend	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	spend	can	One big lie	all trust		vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trust=Asset
2	doubt	present · passive		your true words	then	vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	word		your			nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/81-why-honesty-matters-trust-holds-everything-together/t1/