Test 5 · Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together

A cartoon shows a boy who cries "Wolf!" and the villagers always run to help, laughing. What is wrong with it?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon, boy, villagers · What happens: show, cry, run, help, laugh, be · To what, where: boy, Wolf

This is test 5 of lesson 81 «Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon shows a boy who cries "Wolf!" and the villagers always run to help, laughing.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 boy	det
5	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obj
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	7 cries	nsubj
7	cries	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 boy	acl:relcl
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 Wolf	punct
9	Wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 cries	obj
10	!	!	PUNCT	_	9 Wolf	punct
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	9 Wolf	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 run	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 villagers	det
14	villagers	villager	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 run	nsubj
15	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	16 run	advmod
16	run	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 cries	conj
17	to	to	PART	_	18 help	mark
18	help	help	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 run	xcomp
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 laughing	punct
20	laughing	laugh	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	18 help	conj
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	show	present	a cartoon		a boy		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent boy=Recipient
2	cry speech: express	present	a boy	Wolf			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wolf=Topic
3	run	present	the villagers			always property	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
4	help	to-infinitive	the villagers not said here				vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
5	laugh	gerund	the villagers not said here				vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong with it?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	5 it	case
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 wrong	obl
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						with cartoon; wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

The boy really cried "Bear!", not "Wolf!", in the fable

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cried	nsubj
3	really	really	ADV	_	4 cried	advmod
4	cried	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Bear	punct
6	Bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cried	obj
7	!	!	PUNCT	_	6 Bear	punct
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	6 Bear	punct
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 Wolf	punct
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 Wolf	advmod
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 Wolf	punct
12	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 cried	appos
13	!	!	PUNCT	_	12 Wolf	punct
14	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 Wolf	punct
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 fable	punct
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 fable	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 fable	det
18	fable	fable	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cried	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cry speech: express	past	the boy	Bear		the fable			vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bear=Topic

Option 2

Nothing; that is exactly how the fable goes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	6 how	nsubj
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	6 how	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 how	cop
5	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	6 how	advmod
6	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 fable	det
8	fable	fable	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 goes	nsubj
9	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 how	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Nothing					exactly, how property	tree rules
2	go	present	the fable						vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

In the fable people stop believing him, so when the wolf comes nobody helps

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 fable	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fable	det
3	fable	fable	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stop	obl
4	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 stop	nsubj
5	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	believing	believe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 stop	xcomp
7	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 believing	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 helps	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	15 helps	advmod
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	13 comes	mark
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 wolf	det
12	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 comes	nsubj
13	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 helps	advcl
14	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	13 comes	obj
15	helps	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stop	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	stop	present	people		the fable	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	believe	gerund	people not said here	him = he		vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus
3	come	present	the wolf	nobody		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location nobody=Theme
4	help	present	people not said here			vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

Option 4

In the fable the wolf is a friendly dog who just wants to play

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 fable	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fable	det
3	fable	fable	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dog	obl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 wolf	det
5	wolf	wolf	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dog	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dog	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 dog	det
8	friendly	friendly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 dog	amod
9	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 wants	nsubj
11	just	just	ADV	_	12 wants	advmod
12	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 dog	acl:relcl
13	to	to	PART	_	14 play	mark
14	play	play	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 wants	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	is a	present	the wolf	a friendly dog	the fable	tree rules
2	want	present	a friendly dog			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	play not said to happen	to-infinitive	a friendly dog not said here			vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/81-why-honesty-matters-trust-holds-everything-together/t5/