Test 6 · Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together Aoife in Galway: "Yer man in the shop said the bike was grand, and the chain fell off." («Yer man» means «that man»; «grand» means «fine».) What does she mean?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Aoife, bike, chain, man, grand · What happens: say, be, fall off, mean · To what, where: man, fine · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 6 of lesson 81 «Why honesty matters: trust holds everything together» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Aoife in Galway: "Yer man in the shop said the bike was grand, and the chain fell off."
nsubj case nmod punct punct nmod:poss nsubj case det nmod det nsubj cop ccomp punct cc det nsubj conj compound:prt punct punct root Aoife PROPN in ADP Galway PROPN : PUNCT " PUNCT Yer PRON man NOUN in ADP the DET shop NOUN said VERB the DET bike NOUN was AUX grand ADJ , PUNCT and CCONJ the DET chain NOUN fell VERB off ADP . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Aoife Aoife PROPN Number=Sing 11 said nsubj 2 in in ADP _ 3 Galway case 3 Galway Galway PROPN Number=Sing 1 Aoife nmod 4 : : PUNCT _ 7 man punct 5 " " PUNCT _ 7 man punct 6 Yer yer PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 man nmod:poss 7 man man NOUN Number=Sing 11 said nsubj 8 in in ADP _ 10 shop case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 shop det 10 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 7 man nmod 11 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 bike det 13 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 15 grand nsubj 14 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 15 grand cop 15 grand grand ADJ Degree=Pos 11 said ccomp 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 fell punct 17 and and CCONJ _ 20 fell cc 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 chain det 19 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 20 fell nsubj 20 fell fall VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 said conj 21 off off ADP _ 20 fell compound:prt 22 . . PUNCT _ 11 said punct 23 " " PUNCT _ 11 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert in a quote past Aoife in Galway vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is in a quote past the bike grand property tree rules 3 fall off in a quote past the chain vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: («Yer man» means «that man»; «grand» means «fine».)
punct punct nmod:poss nsubj punct punct det obj punct punct punct nsubj punct conj punct obj punct punct punct root ( PUNCT « PUNCT Yer PRON man NOUN » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT that DET man NOUN » PUNCT ; PUNCT « PUNCT grand ADJ » PUNCT means VERB « PUNCT fine ADJ » PUNCT . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 means punct 2 « « PUNCT _ 4 man punct 3 Yer yer PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 man nmod:poss 4 man man NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 man punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 « « PUNCT _ 9 man punct 8 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 9 man det 9 man man NOUN Number=Sing 6 means obj 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 man punct 11 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 means punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 grand punct 13 grand grand ADJ Degree=Pos 15 means nsubj 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 grand punct 15 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 means conj 16 « « PUNCT _ 17 fine punct 17 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 15 means obj 18 » » PUNCT _ 17 fine punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct 20 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Yer's man that man vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Topic 2 mean present grand fine vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fine=Topic
Sentence 3: What does she mean?
obj aux nsubj punct root What PRON does AUX she PRON mean VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 4 mean obj 2 does do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 mean nsubj 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present · do-support grand vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic
The options Option 1 Her friend said the bike was much too small and slow for her
nmod:poss nsubj det nsubj cop advmod advmod ccomp cc conj case obl root Her PRON friend NOUN said VERB the DET bike NOUN was AUX much ADV too ADV small ADJ and CCONJ slow ADJ for ADP her PRON The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bike det 5 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 9 small nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 small cop 7 much much ADV _ 9 small advmod 8 too too ADV _ 9 small advmod 9 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 3 said ccomp 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 slow cc 11 slow slow ADJ Degree=Pos 9 small conj 12 for for ADP _ 13 her case 13 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 small obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Her friend vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is past the bike for friend; small property tree rules 3 be the bike not said here tree rules
Option 2 The shop sold her a bike with no chain on it at all, so it couldn't go
The tree, 18 words det nsubj obj det obj case det obl case obl case obl punct advmod nsubj aux advmod conj root The DET shop NOUN sold VERB her PRON a DET bike NOUN with ADP no DET chain NOUN on ADP it PRON at ADP all DET , PUNCT so ADV it PRON could AUX n't PART go VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 shop det 2 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 3 sold nsubj 3 sold sell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 sold obj 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bike det 6 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 3 sold obj 7 with with ADP _ 9 chain case 8 no no DET PronType=Neg 9 chain det 9 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 3 sold obl 10 on on ADP _ 11 it case 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 sold obl 12 at at ADP _ 13 all case 13 all all DET PronType=Tot 3 sold obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 19 go punct 15 so so ADV _ 19 go advmod 16 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 19 go nsubj 17 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 19 go aux 18 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 19 go advmod 19 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 sold conj
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sell past the shop a bike her = she chain with no chain; at all vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent she=Recipient bike=Theme on it=Asset 2 not go could shop vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer That man in the shop said the bike was fine, but it wasn't
The tree, 14 words det nsubj case det nmod det nsubj cop ccomp punct cc nsubj conj advmod root That DET man NOUN in ADP the DET shop NOUN said VERB the DET bike NOUN was AUX fine ADJ , PUNCT but CCONJ it PRON was VERB n't PART The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 That that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 2 man det 2 man man NOUN Number=Sing 6 said nsubj 3 in in ADP _ 5 shop case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 shop det 5 shop shop NOUN Number=Sing 2 man nmod 6 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bike det 8 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 10 fine nsubj 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 fine cop 10 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 6 said ccomp 11 , , PUNCT _ 14 was punct 12 but but CCONJ _ 14 was cc 13 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 was nsubj 14 was be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 said conj 15 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 14 was advmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past that man in the shop vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is past the bike fine property tree rules 3 not be past bike vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Option 4 Her grandad said the bike was huge and very expensive to buy
nmod:poss nsubj det nsubj cop ccomp cc advmod conj mark xcomp root Her PRON grandad NOUN said VERB the DET bike NOUN was AUX huge ADJ and CCONJ very ADV expensive ADJ to PART buy VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 grandad nmod:poss 2 grandad grandad NOUN Number=Sing 3 said nsubj 3 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bike det 5 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 7 huge nsubj 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 huge cop 7 huge huge ADJ Degree=Pos 3 said ccomp 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 expensive cc 9 very very ADV _ 10 expensive advmod 10 expensive expensive ADJ Degree=Pos 7 huge conj 11 to to PART _ 12 buy mark 12 buy buy VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 expensive xcomp
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past Her grandad vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is past the bike huge property tree rules 3 be the bike not said here tree rules 4 buy to-infinitive the bike not said here vn accept-77.1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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