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Test 4 · ★★ · Pretend, cover stories and lies that become habits

Theo says, "Little lies are nothing, they don't train you for anything." What did scientists find?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Theo, Little lies, lies, scientists · What happens: say, be, not train, find · To what, where: nothing, you · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 85 «Pretend, cover stories and lies that become habits» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Theo says, "Little lies are nothing, they don't train you for anything."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Theo	Theo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 nothing	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 nothing	punct
5	Little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lies	amod
6	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 nothing	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 nothing	cop
8	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 says	ccomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 train	punct
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 train	nsubj
11	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 train	aux
12	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 train	advmod
13	train	train	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 says	ccomp
14	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	13 train	obj
15	for	for	ADP	_	16 anything	case
16	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	13 train	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	13 train	punct
18	"	"	PUNCT	_	13 train	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Theo						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	is a in a quote	present	Little lies	nothing					tree rules
3	not train in a quote	present · do-support	lies = lie	you				for anything	vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What did scientists find?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 find	obj
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 find	aux
3	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 find	nsubj
4	find	find	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 find	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	past · do-support	scientists						vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Big lies come first, and small lies come later

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lies	amod
2	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 come	nsubj
3	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	3 come	advmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 come	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 come	cc
7	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lies	amod
8	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 come	nsubj
9	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 come	conj
10	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	9 come	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	Big lies					first property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	come	present	small lies					late property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Little lies have no effect on the brain at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lies	amod
2	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 effect	det
5	effect	effect	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 have	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 brain	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 brain	det
8	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 effect	nmod
9	at	at	ADP	_	10 all	case
10	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 effect	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Little lies	no effect		the brain		at all	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Patient

Option 3

Little lies make your brain stronger and smarter, like a muscle that gets trained every day

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lies	amod
2	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 make	nsubj
3	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 brain	nmod:poss
5	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 make	obj
6	stronger	strong	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 make	xcomp
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 smarter	cc
8	smarter	smart	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	6 stronger	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 muscle	punct
10	like	like	ADP	_	12 muscle	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 muscle	det
12	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 make	parataxis
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 trained	nsubj:pass
14	gets	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 trained	aux:pass
15	trained	train	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 muscle	acl:relcl
16	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	17 day	det
17	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 trained	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Little lies	your brain				strong property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset brain=Product
2	train	present · passive		a muscle			day		vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Repeated small lies made the brain react less and lies get bigger

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Repeated	repeat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 lies	amod
2	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 lies	amod
3	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 made	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 brain	det
6	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 react	nsubj
7	react	react	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	ccomp
8	less	less	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 made	advmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 get	cc
10	lies	lie	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 get	nsubj
11	get	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 made	conj
12	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 made	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	repeat	participle							vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	make	past	Repeated small lies					big, less property	tree rules
3	react	present	the brain						vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	get	present	lies						vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/85-pretend-cover-stories-and-lies-that-become-habits/t4/