Test 4 · Vows, oaths and promises in faith

"Cross my heart, hope to die, stick a needle in my eye," says Lily, and then forgets the book. What does this show?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, Lily, this · What happens: cross, hope, die, stick, say, forget · To what, where: heart, needle, eye, book · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 of lesson 88 «Vows, oaths and promises in faith» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: "Cross my heart, hope to die, stick a needle in my eye," says Lily, and then forgets the book.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 Cross	punct
2	Cross	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 stick	advcl
3	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 heart	nmod:poss
4	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Cross	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 hope	punct
6	hope	hope	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 Cross	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 die	mark
8	die	die	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 hope	xcomp
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 stick	punct
10	stick	stick	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 needle	det
12	needle	needle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stick	obj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 eye	case
14	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 eye	nmod:poss
15	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stick	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 says	punct
17	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 says	punct
18	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 stick	parataxis
19	Lily	Lily	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 says	nsubj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 forgets	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 forgets	cc
22	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	23 forgets	advmod
23	forgets	forget	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 says	conj
24	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 book	det
25	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 forgets	obj
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 stick	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	cross in a quote	infinitive	you not said here	my heart			vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient
2	hope in a quote	present	you not said here				vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	die not said to happen, in a quote	to-infinitive	you not said here				vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
4	stick in a quote	imperative	you not said here	a needle	my eye		tree rules
5	say speech: assert	present	Lily				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
6	forget	present	Lily not said here	the book		then	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What does this show?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 show	obj
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 show	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 show	nsubj
4	show	show	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 show	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present · do-support	this						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The oath was too short to count, so she needed a longer and scarier one

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 oath	det
2	oath	oath	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 short	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 short	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 short	advmod
5	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 count	mark
7	count	count	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 short	advcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 needed	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	11 needed	advmod
10	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 needed	nsubj
11	needed	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 short	conj
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 one	det
13	longer	long	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	16 one	amod
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 scarier	cc
15	scarier	scarey	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	13 longer	conj
16	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 needed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past	the oath		short property	tree rules
2	count	to-infinitive	the oath not said here			vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus
3	need	past	she	a longer one		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot one=Theme

Option 2

She should have crossed her heart twice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 crossed	nsubj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 crossed	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 crossed	aux
4	crossed	cross	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 heart	nmod:poss
6	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 crossed	obj
7	twice	twice	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	4 crossed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cross	should · perfect	She	her heart				twice property	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Dramatic oaths don't make you keep a promise; doing it does

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dramatic	dramatic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 oaths	amod
2	oaths	oath	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 make	nsubj
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 make	aux
4	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 make	advmod
5	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 make	obj
7	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 make	xcomp
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 promise	det
9	promise	promise	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 keep	obj
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 doing	punct
11	doing	do	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 does	csubj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 doing	obj
13	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 make	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not make	present · do-support	Dramatic oaths	you	tree rules
2	not keep	infinitive	you not said here	a promise	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Theme
3	do	gerund		promise	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality
4	do	present	doing		vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Books are not worth promising about

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 worth	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 worth	cop
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 worth	advmod
4	worth	worth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	promising	promise	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 worth	csubj
6	about	about	ADV	_	5 promising	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	Books					worth property	tree rules
2	promise speech: promise	gerund						about property	vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/religion-ethics/88-vows-oaths-and-promises-in-faith/t4/