Exam question 1 · Cheating at school: copying and peeking

Which of the following most accurately characterises the principal harm occasioned by the copying of homework?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, occasion, copy · To what, where: principal harm, homework

This is exam question 1 of lesson 92 «Cheating at school: copying and peeking» of the religion ethics course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 harm	det
9	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 harm	amod
10	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 characterises	obj
11	occasioned	occasion	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 harm	acl
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 copying	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 copying	det
14	copying	copying	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 occasioned	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 homework	case
16	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 copying	nmod
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the principal harm	accurately property	tree rules
3	occasion	participle	the principal harm not said here	by the copying of homework	tree rules
4	copy		homework		nom copying «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The pupil whose work is copied is invariably penalised alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pupil	det
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 penalised	nsubj:pass
3	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	4 work	nmod:poss
4	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 copied	nsubj:pass
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 copied	aux:pass
6	copied	copy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 pupil	acl:relcl
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 penalised	aux:pass
8	invariably	invariably	ADV	_	9 penalised	advmod
9	penalised	penalis	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	alone	alone	ADV	_	9 penalised	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	present · passive		work					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	penalis	present · passive		the pupil				alone, invariably property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The copier is deprived of the practice for which homework is intended

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 copier	det
2	copier	copier	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 deprived	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 deprived	aux:pass
4	deprived	deprive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 practice	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 practice	det
7	practice	practice	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 intended	obl
8	for	for	ADP	_	10 homework	case
9	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	10 homework	det
10	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 practice	nmod
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 intended	aux:pass
12	intended	intend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 deprived	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deprive	present · passive		the copier					vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Source
2	intend	present · passive						of the practice for which homework	vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»

Option 3

No harm is occasioned, homework being of no consequence

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	DET	PronType=Neg	2 harm	det
2	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 occasioned	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 occasioned	aux:pass
4	occasioned	occasion	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 consequence	punct
6	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 consequence	nsubj
7	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 consequence	cop
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 consequence	case
9	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	10 consequence	det
10	consequence	consequence	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 occasioned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occasion	present · passive		no harm					tree rules
2	is	gerund	homework					of no consequence	tree rules

Option 4

The teacher is deprived of an opportunity to mark the work

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 deprived	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 deprived	aux:pass
4	deprived	deprive	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 opportunity	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 opportunity	det
7	opportunity	opportunity	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 deprived	obl
8	to	to	PART	_	9 mark	mark
9	mark	mark	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 deprived	advcl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 work	det
11	work	work	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mark	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	deprive	present · passive		the teacher				of a opportunity	vn deprive-10.6.2 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Source of opportunity=Theme
2	mark	to-infinitive		the work					vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent work=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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