Test 10 · ★★ · Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets

Which is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 15 «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Comets are bigger than the Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Comets	comet	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 bigger	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bigger	cop
3	bigger	big	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	than	than	ADP	_	6 Earth	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Earth	det
6	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 bigger	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Comets					than the Earth; big property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Comets are a few kilometres across but their tails can be huge

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Comets	comet	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 kilometres	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 kilometres	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 kilometres	det
4	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 kilometres	amod
5	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 huge	obl
6	across	across	ADV	_	5 kilometres	advmod
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	9 tails	cc
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 tails	nmod:poss
9	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 kilometres	conj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 huge	aux
11	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 huge	cop
12	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Comets	a few kilometres but Comets's tails				across property	tree rules
2	is	can						huge property	tree rules

Option 3

Comets have no tails until they hit the Earth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Comets	comet	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 tails	det
4	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	until	until	SCONJ	_	7 hit	mark
6	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 hit	nsubj
7	hit	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 have	advcl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Earth	det
9	Earth	Earth	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 hit	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Comets	no tails					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
2	hit	past	Comets = comet	the Earth					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme earth=Co-Theme

Option 4

Comets come from inside the Sun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Comets	comet	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 come	nsubj
2	come	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 Sun	case
4	inside	inside	ADP	_	6 Sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 come	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	Comets			the Sun			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from sun=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/15-pluto-the-kuiper-belt-the-oort-cloud-and-comets/t10/