Test 4 · ★★ · Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets

Ella says Pluto got kicked out because it's too small to have a moon. what's wrong?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Ella, it · What happens: say, kick out, be, have · To what, where: Pluto, moon · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★★ of lesson 15 «Pluto, the Kuiper belt, the Oort cloud and comets» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ella	Ella	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 kicked	nsubj
4	got	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 kicked	aux:pass
5	kicked	kick	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 says	ccomp
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 kicked	compound:prt
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 small	mark
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 small	nsubj
9	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 small	cop
10	too	too	ADV	_	11 small	advmod
11	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 kicked	advcl
12	to	to	PART	_	13 have	mark
13	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 small	advcl
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 moon	det
15	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 have	obj
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 kicked	punct
17	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	19 wrong	nsubj
18	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 wrong	cop
19	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 kicked	conj
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Ella			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	kick out	past · passive		Pluto		vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: subject=Patient
3	is	present	it		small property	tree rules
4	have	to-infinitive		a moon		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moon=Patient
5	is	present			wrong property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It has a big moon; it was renamed because it shares its orbit with similar objects

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 moon	det
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 moon	amod
5	moon	moon	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 renamed	punct
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 renamed	nsubj:pass
8	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 renamed	aux:pass
9	renamed	rename	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 has	conj
10	because	because	SCONJ	_	12 shares	mark
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 shares	nsubj
12	shares	share	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 renamed	advcl
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 orbit	nmod:poss
14	orbit	orbit	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 shares	obj
15	with	with	ADP	_	17 objects	case
16	similar	similar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 objects	amod
17	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 shares	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	It	a big moon		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moon=Patient
2	rename	past · passive		moon		vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
3	share	present	moon	moon's orbit	with similar objects	tree rules

Option 2

Pluto was too big, not too small

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 big	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 big	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 big	advmod
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 small	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 small	advmod
7	too	too	ADV	_	8 small	advmod
8	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 big	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Pluto					big property	tree rules
2	not be		Pluto not said here						tree rules

Option 3

Pluto stopped orbiting the Sun in 2006

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 stopped	nsubj
2	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	orbiting	orbit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 stopped	xcomp
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Sun	det
5	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 orbiting	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 2006	case
7	2006	2006	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 orbiting	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	past	Pluto						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	orbit	gerund	Pluto not said here	the Sun		2006			tree rules

Option 4

Pluto has no moons at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pluto	Pluto	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 moons	det
4	moons	moon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 has	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 moons	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Pluto	no moons		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent moon=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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