Test 4 · Meteors, meteorites and shooting stars
In a film a shooting star is shown as a big rock crashing into a town every night. What is wrong?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: big rock · What happens: show, crash, be · To what, where: shooting star, town
This is test 4 of lesson 16 «Meteors, meteorites and shooting stars» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: In a film a shooting star is shown as a big rock crashing into a town every night.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 film | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 film | det |
| 3 | film | film | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 shown | obl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 star | det |
| 5 | shooting | shooting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 star | compound |
| 6 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 shown | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 shown | aux:pass |
| 8 | shown | show | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 rock | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 rock | det |
| 11 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 rock | amod |
| 12 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 shown | obl |
| 13 | crashing | crash | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 12 rock | acl |
| 14 | into | into | ADP | _ | 16 town | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 town | det |
| 16 | town | town | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 crashing | obl |
| 17 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 18 night | det |
| 18 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 crashing | obl:unmarked |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 shown | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | show | present · passive | a shooting star | as a big rock; in a film | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: subject=Patient in film=Topic | ||||
| 2 | crash | gerund | a big rock not said here | night | into a town result | vn break-45.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Patient into town=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is wrong?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 wrong | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 wrong | cop |
| 3 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 wrong | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | wrong property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Nothing, that happens every night
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 happens | punct |
| 3 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 happens | nsubj |
| 4 | happens | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Nothing | acl |
| 5 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 6 night | det |
| 6 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 happens | obl:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | present | night | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2
Shooting stars are made of ice that melts
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shooting | shoot | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 stars | amod |
| 2 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 made | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 made | aux:pass |
| 4 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 ice | case |
| 6 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 made | obl |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 melts | nsubj |
| 8 | melts | melt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 ice | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shoot | gerund | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | make | present · passive | Shooting stars | of ice | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | melt | present | ice | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
Option 3
Shooting stars only hit the sea
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shooting | shoot | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 stars | amod |
| 2 | stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 hit | nsubj |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 4 hit | advmod |
| 4 | hit | hit | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 sea | det |
| 6 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 hit | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shoot | gerund | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 2 | hit | past | Shooting stars | the sea | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sea=Co-Theme |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Almost all meteors are tiny grains that burn up high
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Almost | almost | ADV | _ | 6 grains | advmod |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 meteors | det |
| 3 | meteors | meteor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 grains | nsubj |
| 4 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 grains | cop |
| 5 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 grains | amod |
| 6 | grains | grain | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 burn | nsubj |
| 8 | burn | burn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 grains | acl:relcl |
| 9 | up | up | ADP | _ | 8 burn | compound:prt |
| 10 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 burn | xcomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | all meteors | tiny grains | almost property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | burn up | present | tiny grains | high property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/16-meteors-meteorites-and-shooting-stars/t4/