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Test 3 · ★★ · How stars live

A telescope photo shows dark dusty columns with glowing spots inside. What is probably going on?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: telescope photo · What happens: show, glow, go on · To what, where: dark dusty columns

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 18 «How stars live» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A telescope photo shows dark dusty columns with glowing spots inside.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 photo	det
2	telescope	telescope	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 photo	compound
3	photo	photo	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 shows	nsubj
4	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	dark	dark	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 columns	amod
6	dusty	dusty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 columns	amod
7	columns	column	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 shows	obj
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 spots	case
9	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 spots	amod
10	spots	spot	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 columns	nmod
11	inside	inside	ADV	_	10 spots	advmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a telescope photo	dark dusty columns				with glowing spots	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent column=Recipient
2	glow	gerund							vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is probably going on?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 going	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 going	aux
3	probably	probably	ADV	_	4 going	advmod
4	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	4 going	compound:prt
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 going	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go on	present · progressive						probably property	vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

New stars are forming in a nebula

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	New	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 stars	amod
2	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 forming	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 forming	aux
4	forming	form	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 nebula	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 nebula	det
7	nebula	nebula	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 forming	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	present · progressive	New stars			a nebula			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in nebula=Location

Option 2

A black hole is swallowing a galaxy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 hole	det
2	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 hole	amod
3	hole	hole	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 swallowing	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 swallowing	aux
5	swallowing	swallow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 galaxy	det
7	galaxy	galaxy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 swallowing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swallow	present · progressive	a black hole	a galaxy					vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent galaxy=Patient

Option 3

A star is being eaten by a planet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 star	det
2	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eaten	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 eaten	aux:pass
4	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	5 eaten	aux:pass
5	eaten	eat	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 planet	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 planet	det
8	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 eaten	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present · passive	a planet	a star					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 4

Comets are crashing together

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Comets	comet	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 crashing	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 crashing	aux
3	crashing	crash	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	together	together	ADV	_	3 crashing	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crash	present · progressive	Comets					together property	vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/18-how-stars-live/t3/