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Test 7 · ★ · Distances and light years

In a film, a ship flies "100 light years to the next star in two minutes". Why is it not real?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: ship · What happens: fly, not be · To what, where: film

This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 22 «Distances and light years» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a film, a ship flies "100 light years to the next star in two minutes".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 film	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 film	det
3	film	film	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flies	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 film	punct
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 ship	det
6	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flies	nsubj
7	flies	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	11 years	punct
9	100	100	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	11 years	nummod
10	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 years	compound
11	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 flies	obl
12	to	to	ADP	_	15 star	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 star	det
14	next	next	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 star	amod
15	star	star	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 flies	obl
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 minutes	case
17	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	18 minutes	nummod
18	minutes	minute	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 flies	obl
19	"	"	PUNCT	_	18 minutes	punct
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 flies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present	a ship			a film	minute; year	to the next star	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in film=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is it not real?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 real	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 real	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 real	nsubj
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 real	advmod
5	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 real	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is	present	ship					real property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Light years are only used for measuring time, not distance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 years	compound
2	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 used	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 used	aux:pass
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 used	advmod
5	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 time	case
7	measuring	measuring	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 time	compound
8	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 used	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 distance	punct
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 distance	advmod
11	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 used	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present · passive		Light years			time	distance obl	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Stars are much closer than that, so the trip is too short

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 closer	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 closer	cop
3	much	much	ADV	_	4 closer	advmod
4	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
5	than	than	ADP	_	6 that	case
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 closer	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 short	punct
8	so	so	ADV	_	13 short	advmod
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 trip	det
10	trip	trip	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 short	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 short	cop
12	too	too	ADV	_	13 short	advmod
13	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 closer	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Stars					than that; close property	tree rules
2	is	present	the trip					short property	tree rules

Option 3

Ships cannot fly in the dark between stars without sunlight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fly	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 fly	advmod
4	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 dark	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 dark	det
7	dark	dark	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fly	obl
8	between	between	ADP	_	9 stars	case
9	stars	star	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 fly	obl
10	without	without	ADP	_	11 sunlight	case
11	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not fly	can	Ships			the dark		between stars; without sunlight	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in dark=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Nothing we know can travel faster than light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 travel	nsubj
2	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 know	nsubj
3	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Nothing	acl:relcl
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 travel	aux
5	travel	travel	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 travel	advmod
7	than	than	ADP	_	8 light	case
8	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 travel	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present	we						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	travel	can	Nothing					than light; fast property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/22-distances-and-light-years/t7/