Test 1 · The history of space exploration

Jayden says "Americans were the first people in space". What should you tell him?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Jayden, Americans, you · What happens: say, be, tell · To what, where: first people, space, Jayden · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 of lesson 29 «The history of space exploration» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Jayden says "Americans were the first people in space".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jayden	Jayden	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 people	punct
4	Americans	American	PROPN	Number=Plur	8 people	nsubj
5	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 people	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 people	det
7	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	8 people	amod
8	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 says	ccomp
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 space	case
10	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 people	nmod
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 people	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Jayden						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a in a quote	past	Americans	the first people		space			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What should you tell him?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 tell	obj
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 tell	aux
3	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 tell	nsubj
4	tell	tell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 tell	iobj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 tell	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	should	you		Jayden				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Topic

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, Yuri Gagarin of the Soviet Union was first, in 1961

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 Gagarin	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	Yuri	Yuri	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Gagarin	compound
4	Gagarin	Gagarin	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 Union	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Union	det
7	Soviet	Soviet	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Union	compound
8	Union	Union	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Gagarin	nmod
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 first	cop
10	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	4 Gagarin	acl:relcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 1961	punct
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 1961	case
13	1961	1961	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 Gagarin	list

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Yuri Gagarin of the Soviet Union not said here					first property	tree rules

Option 2

Yes, Neil Armstrong was the first, in 1961, before Gagarin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 first	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	Neil	Neil	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Armstrong	compound
4	Armstrong	Armstrong	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 first	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 first	cop
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 first	det
7	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 1961	punct
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 1961	case
10	1961	1961	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 first	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 Gagarin	punct
12	before	before	ADP	_	13 Gagarin	case
13	Gagarin	Gagarin	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 first	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Neil Armstrong			1961	before Gagarin	first property	tree rules

Option 3

Yes, the Shuttle went first in 1957

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 went	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Shuttle	det
4	Shuttle	shuttle	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 went	nsubj
5	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 went	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 1957	case
8	1957	1957	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 went	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	the Shuttle			1957		first property	vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in 1957=Location

Option 4

No, a Briton was first, in 1991

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	9 1991	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 Briton	det
4	Briton	Briton	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 1991	nsubj
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 1991	cop
6	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 was	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 1991	punct
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 1991	case
9	1991	1991	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	a Briton			1991			tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/29-the-history-of-space-exploration/t1/