Test 7 · Mercury

Why does Mercury keep its craters for billions of years?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Mercury · What happens: keep · To what, where: craters

This is test 7 of lesson 3 «Mercury» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 keep	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 keep	aux
3	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 keep	nsubj
4	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 craters	nmod:poss
6	craters	crater	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 keep	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 billions	case
8	billions	billion	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 keep	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 years	case
10	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 billions	nmod
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present · do-support	Mercury	its craters				for billions of years	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crater=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Its moons protect them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 moons	nmod:poss
2	moons	moon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 protect	nsubj
3	protect	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 protect	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	protect	present	Its moons	them = they					vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It has no air, rain or moving plates to wear them away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 air	det
4	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 rain	punct
6	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 air	conj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 moving	cc
8	moving	move	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 air	conj
9	plates	plate	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 moving	obj
10	to	to	PART	_	11 wear	mark
11	wear	wear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 moving	advcl
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 wear	obj
13	away	away	ADV	_	11 wear	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	It	no air and rain		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient
2	move	gerund		plates		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent plate=Theme
3	wear away	to-infinitive		plates = plate	away property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source

Option 3

The Sun bakes them hard like pottery in a kiln, so they last

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Sun	det
2	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 bakes	nsubj
3	bakes	bake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 bakes	obj
5	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 bakes	advmod
6	like	like	ADP	_	7 pottery	case
7	pottery	pottery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bakes	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 kiln	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 kiln	det
10	kiln	kiln	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bakes	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 last	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	14 last	advmod
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 last	nsubj
14	last	last	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bakes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bake	present	the Sun	them = they				like pottery; in a kiln; hard property	vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent they=Patient in kiln=Instrument
2	last	present	they						vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme

Option 4

Its craters are refilled every year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 craters	nmod:poss
2	craters	crater	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 refilled	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 refilled	aux:pass
4	refilled	refill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 year	det
6	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 refilled	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refill	present · passive		Its craters			year		tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/3-mercury/t7/