Test 8 · Mercury

Why is it surprisingly hard to put a spacecraft into orbit around Mercury?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · What happens: be, put · To what, where: spacecraft, orbit

This is test 8 of lesson 3 «Mercury» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 hard	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hard	cop
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 hard	expl
4	surprisingly	surprisingly	ADV	_	5 hard	advmod
5	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 put	mark
7	put	put	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 hard	xcomp
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 spacecraft	det
9	spacecraft	spacecraft	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 put	obj
10	into	into	ADP	_	11 orbit	case
11	orbit	orbit	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 put	obl
12	around	around	ADP	_	13 Mercury	case
13	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 orbit	nmod
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 hard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						hard, surprisingly property	tree rules
2	put	to-infinitive		a spacecraft		orbit around Mercury			vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent spacecraft=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Mercury has no gravity at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 gravity	det
4	gravity	gravity	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 has	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 all	case
6	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 gravity	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Mercury	no gravity		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gravity=Patient

Option 2

The heat melts any craft at once

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heat	det
2	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 melts	nsubj
3	melts	melt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	5 craft	det
5	craft	craft	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 melts	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 once	case
7	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	3 melts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	melt	present	the heat	any craft					vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient craft=Result

Option 3

Mercury is hidden behind the Sun forever

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 hidden	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hidden	aux:pass
3	hidden	hide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	behind	behind	ADP	_	6 Sun	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Sun	det
6	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 hidden	obl
7	forever	forever	ADV	_	3 hidden	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	present · passive		Mercury		the Sun		forever property	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Patient behind sun=Location

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It must brake hard against the Sun's pull, so it uses flybys of planets

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 brake	nsubj
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 brake	aux
3	brake	break	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	hard	hard	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 brake	advmod
5	against	against	ADP	_	9 pull	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 pull	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 Sun	case
9	pull	pull	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 brake	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 uses	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	13 uses	advmod
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 uses	nsubj
13	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 brake	parataxis
14	flybys	flyby	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 uses	obj
15	of	of	ADP	_	16 planets	case
16	planets	planet	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 flybys	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	break	must	It		the Sun's pull	hard property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against pull=Location
2	use	present	pull	flybys of planets			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flyby=Patient
3	pull		the Sun				nom pull «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/3-mercury/t8/