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Test 9 · Mercury

Tom says he saw Mercury high overhead at midnight. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Tom · What happens: say, see, be · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 of lesson 3 «Mercury» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Tom says he saw Mercury high overhead at midnight.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 saw	nsubj
4	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
5	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 high	compound
6	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 saw	xcomp
7	overhead	overhead	ADV	_	4 saw	advmod
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 midnight	case
9	midnight	midnight	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 saw	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Tom						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	see	past	Tom				midnight	high, overhead property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Nothing, that is the best time

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 time	punct
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	7 time	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 time	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 time	det
6	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	7 time	amod
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Nothing	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	that	the best time					tree rules

Option 2

Mercury only shows in winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 shows	advmod
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 winter	case
5	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	Mercury				winter		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Mercury never strays far from the Sun, so it is seen only low near dawn or dusk

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 strays	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 strays	advmod
3	strays	stray	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 strays	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 Sun	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 far	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 seen	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	12 seen	advmod
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 seen	nsubj:pass
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 seen	aux:pass
12	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 strays	advcl
13	only	only	ADV	_	14 low	advmod
14	low	low	ADV	Degree=Pos	12 seen	advmod
15	near	near	ADP	_	16 dawn	case
16	dawn	dawn	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 seen	obl
17	or	or	CCONJ	_	18 dusk	cc
18	dusk	dusk	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 dawn	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not stray	present	Mercury					far property	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	see	present · passive		Sun			dawn	low property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

Option 4

Mercury can be seen only with a telescope

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mercury	Mercury	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 seen	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 seen	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 seen	aux:pass
4	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	only	only	ADV	_	8 telescope	advmod
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 telescope	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 telescope	det
8	telescope	telescope	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 seen	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	can · passive		Mercury				with a telescope	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/3-mercury/t9/