Exam question 3 · What comes next: the Moon, Mars and beyond

Identify the principal reason for which future lunar missions are directed towards the south pole of the Moon.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, direct · To what, where: principal reason, future lunar missions

This is exam question 3 of lesson 30 «What comes next: the Moon, Mars and beyond» of the space course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 directed	obl
7	future	future	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 missions	amod
8	lunar	lunar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 missions	amod
9	missions	mission	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 directed	nsubj:pass
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 directed	aux:pass
11	directed	direct	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 reason	acl:relcl
12	towards	towards	ADP	_	15 pole	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 pole	det
14	south	South	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 pole	amod
15	pole	pole	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 directed	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	18 Moon	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 Moon	det
18	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 pole	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	direct	present · passive		future lunar missions				for the principal reason; towards the south pole of the Moon	vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: subject=Theme for which=Beneficiary

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

That region has a breathable atmosphere

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 region	det
2	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 atmosphere	det
5	breathable	breathable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 atmosphere	amod
6	atmosphere	atmosphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	that region	a breathable atmosphere					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent atmosphere=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Permanently shadowed craters there contain water ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Permanently	permanently	ADV	_	2 shadowed	advmod
2	shadowed	shadow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 craters	amod
3	craters	crater	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 contain	nsubj
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 contain	advmod
5	contain	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 ice	compound
7	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 contain	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	shadow	participle						permanently property	vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent
2	contain	present	shadowed craters	water ice		there			vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot ice=Theme

Option 3

That region is permanently in sunlight and is therefore warm

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 region	det
2	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sunlight	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 sunlight	cop
4	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	6 sunlight	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 sunlight	case
6	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 warm	cc
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 warm	cop
9	therefore	therefore	ADV	_	10 warm	advmod
10	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sunlight	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that region			sunlight		permanently property	tree rules
2	is	present	that region not said here					therefore, warm property	tree rules

Option 4

That region faces the planet Mars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 region	det
2	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 faces	nsubj
3	faces	face	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 Mars	det
5	planet	planet	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Mars	compound
6	Mars	Mars	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 faces	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	face	present	that region		the planet Mars				vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme mars=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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