Test 4 · ★★★ · Olympiad: planet puzzles ★★★

★★★ Grandpa: "Back in my day, a rock that glows across the sky and burns up was called a meteorite, sonny." Put him right.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: rock, you · What happens: glow, burn up, call, put · To what, where: sky, ★ · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 31 «Olympiad: planet puzzles ★★★» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: ★★★ Grandpa: "Back in my day, a rock that glows across the sky and burns up was called a meteorite, sonny."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	★	★	PROPN	Number=Sing	23 called	nsubj:pass
2	★	★	X	Foreign=Yes	1 ★	dep
3	★	★	ADP	_	4 Grandpa	case
4	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 ★	nmod
5	:	:	PUNCT	_	10 day	punct
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 Back	punct
7	Back	back	ADV	_	10 day	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 day	case
9	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 day	nmod:poss
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 ★	appos
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 rock	punct
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 rock	det
13	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 day	appos
14	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 glows	nsubj
15	glows	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 rock	acl:relcl
16	across	across	ADP	_	18 sky	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 sky	det
18	sky	sky	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 glows	obl
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 burns	cc
20	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 glows	conj
21	up	up	ADP	_	20 burns	compound:prt
22	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	23 called	aux:pass
23	called	call	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
24	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	25 meteorite	det
25	meteorite	meteorite	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 called	xcomp
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 sonny	punct
27	sonny	sonny	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 meteorite	conj
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	23 called	punct
29	"	"	PUNCT	_	23 called	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	glow in a quote	present	a rock		the sky	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	burn up in a quote	present	a rock not said here			vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	call in a quote	past · passive		★ ★ Grandpa		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Put him right.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Put	obj
3	right	right	ADV	_	1 Put	advmod
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	imperative	you not said here		★			right property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Goal

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is a meteor; a meteorite is a piece that lands

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 meteor	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 meteor	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 meteor	det
4	meteor	meteor	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 piece	punct
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 meteorite	det
7	meteorite	meteorite	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 piece	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 piece	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 piece	det
10	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 meteor	appos
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 lands	nsubj
12	lands	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 piece	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a meteor	tree rules
2	is a	present	a meteorite	a piece	tree rules
3	land	present	a piece		vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It is a comet, because it glows and has a tail

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 comet	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 comet	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 comet	det
4	comet	comet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 glows	punct
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 glows	mark
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 glows	nsubj
8	glows	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 comet	acl:relcl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 has	cc
10	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 glows	conj
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 tail	det
12	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a comet	tree rules
2	glow	present	comet	a comet not said here	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent comet=Theme
3	have	present	comet not said here	a tail	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient

Option 3

He is right: any glowing space rock is a meteorite

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 meteorite	punct
5	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	8 rock	det
6	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 rock	amod
7	space	space	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 rock	compound
8	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 meteorite	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 meteorite	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 meteorite	det
11	meteorite	meteorite	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	He		right property	tree rules
2	glow	gerund				vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is a	present	any glowing space rock	a meteorite		tree rules

Option 4

It is a meteoroid all the time it glows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 meteoroid	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 meteoroid	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 meteoroid	det
4	meteoroid	meteoroid	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	7 time	det:predet
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 time	det
7	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 glows	obl:unmarked
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 glows	nsubj
9	glows	glow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 meteoroid	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a meteoroid					tree rules
2	glow	present	meteoroid	a meteoroid not said here			time		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent meteoroid=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/31-olympiad-planet-puzzles/t4/