Test 4 · ★★★ · Olympiad: stars, light and space history ★★★
★★★ Gran: "The Pole Star's the brightest star in the sky, that's how sailors found it." What is right?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: that, sailors · What happens: be, find · To what, where: sky
This is test 4 · ★★★ of lesson 32 «Olympiad: stars, light and space history ★★★» of the space course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: ★★★ Gran: "The Pole Star's the brightest star in the sky, that's how sailors found it."
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 ★ | compound |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | ADP | _ | 4 Gran | case |
| 4 | Gran | Gran | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 ★ | nmod |
| 5 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 star | punct |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 star | punct |
| 7 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Star | det |
| 8 | Pole | Pole | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Star | compound |
| 9 | Star | Star | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 star | nmod:poss |
| 10 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 9 Star | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 star | det |
| 12 | brightest | bright | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 13 star | amod |
| 13 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ★ | appos |
| 14 | in | in | ADP | _ | 16 sky | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 sky | det |
| 16 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 star | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 found | punct |
| 18 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 20 how | nsubj |
| 19 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 how | cop |
| 20 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 22 found | advmod |
| 21 | sailors | sailor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 found | nsubj |
| 22 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 star | conj |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 found | obj |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 star | punct |
| 25 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 star | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | present | that | how property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | find in a quote | past | sailors | sky | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is right?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 right | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | right property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
The Pole Star is really the planet Venus
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Star | det |
| 2 | Pole | Pole | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Star | compound |
| 3 | Star | Star | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Venus | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 Venus | cop |
| 5 | really | really | ADV | _ | 8 Venus | advmod |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Venus | det |
| 7 | planet | planet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Venus | compound |
| 8 | Venus | Venus | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the Pole Star | the planet Venus | tree rules |
Option 2
Polaris is the brightest, but it moves about
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Polaris | Polaris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 brightest | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 brightest | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 brightest | det |
| 4 | brightest | bright | ADJ | Degree=Sup | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 moves | punct |
| 6 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 8 moves | cc |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 moves | nsubj |
| 8 | moves | move | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 brightest | parataxis |
| 9 | about | about | ADV | _ | 8 moves | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Polaris | bright property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | move about | present | it | about property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice
She is right: the Pole Star is the brightest
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 brightest | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Star | det |
| 6 | Pole | Pole | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 Star | compound |
| 7 | Star | Star | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 brightest | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 brightest | cop |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 brightest | det |
| 10 | brightest | bright | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 3 right | conj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | She | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the Pole Star | bright property | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Sirius is brighter; Polaris is found by the Pointers
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sirius | Sirius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Polaris | compound |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 brighter | cop |
| 3 | brighter | bright | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 1 Sirius | amod |
| 4 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 1 Sirius | punct |
| 5 | Polaris | Polaris | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 found | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 found | aux:pass |
| 7 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 Pointers | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Pointers | det |
| 10 | Pointers | Pointer | PROPN | Number=Plur | 7 found | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | bright property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | find | present · passive | the Pointers | Sirius Polaris | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/space/32-olympiad-stars-light-and-space-history/t4/