Exam question 1 · Electric cars and charging

Identify the principle by which an electric vehicle recovers energy during deceleration.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, electric vehicle · What happens: identify, recover · To what, where: principle, energy

This is exam question 1 of lesson 19 «Electric cars and charging» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 principle	det
3	principle	principle	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 recovers	obl
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 vehicle	det
7	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 vehicle	amod
8	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 recovers	nsubj
9	recovers	recover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 principle	acl:relcl
10	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 recovers	obj
11	during	during	ADP	_	12 deceleration	case
12	deceleration	deceleration	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 recovers	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principle					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent principle=Theme
2	recover	present	a electric vehicle	energy			during deceleration	by the principle	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The vehicle draws energy from overhead cables

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 vehicle	det
2	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 draws	nsubj
3	draws	draw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 draws	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 cables	case
6	overhead	overhead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 cables	amod
7	cables	cable	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 draws	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	present	the vehicle	energy		overhead cables			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent energy=Theme from cable=Initial_Location

Option 2

The tyres collect static electricity from the road

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 tyres	det
2	tyres	tyre	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 collect	nsubj
3	collect	collect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	static	static	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 electricity	amod
5	electricity	electricity	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 collect	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 road	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 road	det
8	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 collect	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	collect	present	the tyres	static electricity		the road			vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent electricity=Theme from road=Source

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The motor operates as a generator and recharges the battery

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 motor	det
2	motor	motor	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 operates	nsubj
3	operates	operate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 generator	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 generator	det
6	generator	generator	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 operates	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 recharges	cc
8	recharges	recharge	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 operates	conj
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 battery	det
10	battery	battery	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 recharges	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	operate	present	the motor					as a generator	vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	recharge	present	the motor not said here	the battery					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus battery=Experiencer

Option 4

The brake pads convert friction into stored fuel

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pads	det
2	brake	brake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pads	compound
3	pads	pad	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 convert	nsubj
4	convert	convert	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	friction	friction	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 convert	obj
6	into	into	ADP	_	8 fuel	case
7	stored	store	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 fuel	amod
8	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 convert	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convert	present	the brake pads	friction				into stored fuel result	vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent friction=Patient into fuel=Result
2	store	participle							vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/19-electric-cars-and-charging/e1/