Exam question 3 · Buses, trams, lorries and traffic lights

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conduct required of a cyclist adjacent to a turning lorry?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, require · To what, where: conduct

This is exam question 3 of lesson 20 «Buses, trams, lorries and traffic lights» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 conduct	det
10	conduct	conduct	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 conduct	acl
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 cyclist	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 cyclist	det
14	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 required	obl
15	adjacent	adjacent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 cyclist	amod
16	to	to	ADP	_	19 lorry	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 lorry	det
18	turning	turning	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 lorry	compound
19	lorry	lorry	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 adjacent	obl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the conduct	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	require	participle	the conduct not said here	of a cyclist	vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The cyclist may overtake on the inside at speed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cyclist	det
2	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 overtake	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 overtake	aux
4	overtake	overtake	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 inside	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 inside	det
7	inside	inside	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 overtake	obl
8	at	at	ADP	_	9 speed	case
9	speed	speed	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 overtake	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	overtake	may	the cyclist			the inside		at speed	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The cyclist must not proceed on the inside of the lorry

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cyclist	det
2	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 proceed	nsubj
3	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 proceed	aux
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 proceed	advmod
5	proceed	proceed	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 inside	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 inside	det
8	inside	inside	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 proceed	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 lorry	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 lorry	det
11	lorry	lorry	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 inside	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not proceed	must	the cyclist			the inside of the lorry			vn begin-55.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The cyclist should stop directly beside the cab

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cyclist	det
2	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stop	nsubj
3	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 stop	aux
4	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	directly	directly	ADV	_	4 stop	advmod
6	beside	beside	ADP	_	8 cab	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 cab	det
8	cab	cab	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stop	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	should	the cyclist			the cab		directly property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 4

The cyclist may rely on the driver's mirrors

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cyclist	det
2	cyclist	cyclist	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rely	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 rely	aux
4	rely	rely	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	9 mirrors	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 driver	det
7	driver	driver	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 mirrors	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 driver	case
9	mirrors	mirror	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 rely	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rely	may	the cyclist					on the driver's mirrors	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent on mirror=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/20-buses-trams-lorries-and-traffic-lights/e3/