Exam question 4 · Buses, trams, lorries and traffic lights

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the earliest traffic signals installed in London in 1868.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, install · To what, where: response, earliest traffic signals, London

This is exam question 4 of lesson 20 «Buses, trams, lorries and traffic lights» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 signals	det
11	earliest	early	ADJ	Degree=Sup	13 signals	amod
12	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 signals	compound
13	signals	signal	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obj
14	installed	install	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 signals	acl
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 London	case
16	London	London	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 installed	obl
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 1868	case
18	1868	1868	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 installed	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle					vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the earliest traffic signals			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus signal=Experiencer
4	install	participle		the earliest traffic signals not said here	London	in 1868	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in london=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They were operated by computer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 operated	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 operated	aux:pass
3	operated	operate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 computer	case
5	computer	computer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 operated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	operate	past · passive	computer	They					vn function-105.2.1-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Theme subject=Attribute

Option 2

They employed light-emitting diodes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 employed	nsubj
2	employed	employ	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 emitting	obl:unmarked
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 light	punct
5	emitting	emit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 diodes	amod
6	diodes	diode	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 employed	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	employ	past	They	emitting diodes					vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent diode=Theme
2	emit	gerund		light					vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

They were illuminated by gas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 illuminated	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 illuminated	aux:pass
3	illuminated	illuminate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 gas	case
5	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 illuminated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	illuminate	past · passive	gas	They					vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Destination

Option 4

They were powered by solar panels

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 powered	nsubj:pass
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 powered	aux:pass
3	powered	power	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 panels	case
5	solar	solar	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 panels	amod
6	panels	panel	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 powered	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	power	past · passive	solar panels	They					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/20-buses-trams-lorries-and-traffic-lights/e4/