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Test 3 · Buses, trams, lorries and traffic lights

In a cartoon a tram swerves round a dog on the track. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: tram · What happens: swerve, be · To what, where: cartoon

This is test 3 of lesson 20 «Buses, trams, lorries and traffic lights» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a tram swerves round a dog on the track.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swerves	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 tram	det
5	tram	tram	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swerves	nsubj
6	swerves	swerve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	round	round	ADP	_	9 dog	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 dog	det
9	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swerves	obl
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 track	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 track	det
12	track	track	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 swerves	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 swerves	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	swerve	present	a tram			a cartoon		round a dog; on the track	vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme round dog=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Trams have steering wheels like cars

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trams	tram	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	steering	steering	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wheels	compound
4	wheels	wheel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj
5	like	like	ADP	_	6 cars	case
6	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 wheels	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Trams	steering wheels				like cars	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wheel=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A tram runs on rails and cannot swerve

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 tram	det
2	tram	tram	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 runs	nsubj
3	runs	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 rails	case
5	rails	rail	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 runs	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 swerve	cc
7	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 swerve	aux
8	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 swerve	advmod
9	swerve	swerve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 runs	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	present	a tram			rails			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on rail=Trajectory
2	not swerve	can	a tram not said here						vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Trams jump over animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trams	tram	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 jump	nsubj
2	jump	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	over	over	ADP	_	4 animals	case
4	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 jump	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jump	present	Trams					over animals	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over animal=Trajectory

Option 4

Trams can drive anywhere they like on the road

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trams	tram	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 drive	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 drive	aux
3	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	3 drive	advmod
5	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 like	nsubj
6	like	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 drive	parataxis
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 road	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 road	det
9	road	road	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 like	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drive	can	Trams					anywhere property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
2	like	present	Trams = tram			the road			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/20-buses-trams-lorries-and-traffic-lights/t3/