Test 11 · ★ · Why planes fly

«a jet engine is basically just a big hairdryer innit» What is a better description?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: jet engine, big hairdryer innit · What happens: be · To what, where: big hairdryer innit, better description

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 22 «Why planes fly» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	11 innit	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 engine	det
3	jet	jet	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 engine	compound
4	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 innit	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 innit	cop
6	basically	basically	ADV	_	11 innit	advmod
7	just	just	ADV	_	11 innit	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 innit	det
9	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 innit	amod
10	hairdryer	hairdryer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 innit	compound
11	innit	innit	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 description	nsubj
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	11 innit	punct
13	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 description	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 description	cop
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 description	det
16	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	17 description	amod
17	description	description	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	17 description	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	a jet engine	a big hairdryer innit				basically property	tree rules
2	is a	present	a big hairdryer innit	a better description					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is a giant propeller with no fuel

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 propeller	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 propeller	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 propeller	det
4	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 propeller	amod
5	propeller	propeller	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 fuel	case
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 fuel	det
8	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 propeller	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a giant propeller				with no fuel	tree rules

Option 2

It pulls the plane by sucking the air in front

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 pulls	nsubj
2	pulls	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 plane	det
4	plane	plane	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pulls	obj
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 sucking	mark
6	sucking	suck	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 pulls	advcl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 air	det
8	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sucking	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	10 front	case
10	front	front	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sucking	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull	present	It	the plane					vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plane=Theme
2	suck	gerund		the air		front			vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent air=Source

Option 3

Yes, it only blows warm air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 blows	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 blows	nsubj
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 blows	advmod
5	blows	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 air	amod
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 blows	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow	present	it	warm air					vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent air=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It sucks air in with a big fan, burns fuel in it and blasts gas out of the back

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sucks	nsubj
2	sucks	suck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sucks	obj
4	in	in	ADP	_	2 sucks	compound:prt
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 fan	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 fan	det
7	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 fan	amod
8	fan	fan	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sucks	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 burns	punct
10	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sucks	conj
11	fuel	fuel	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 burns	obj
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 it	case
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 burns	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 blasts	cc
15	blasts	blast	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 sucks	conj
16	gas	gas	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 blasts	obj
17	out	out	ADP	_	20 back	case
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 back	case
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 back	det
20	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 blasts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	suck in	present	It	air		with a big fan	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent air=Source
2	burn	present		fuel	fuel		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent fuel=Theme
3	blast	present		gas	the back		vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location gas=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/22-why-planes-fly/t11/