Exam question 4 · Ships, ports and submarines

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the operation of a canal lock?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris, operate · To what, where: operation, canal lock

This is exam question 4 of lesson 24 «Ships, ports and submarines» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 operation	det
10	operation	operation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 lock	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 lock	det
13	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 lock	compound
14	lock	lock	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 operation	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the operation of a canal lock	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	operate		a canal lock		nom operation «state transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A chamber enclosed by gates is filled or emptied so as to raise or lower a vessel between levels

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 chamber	det
2	chamber	chamber	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 filled	nsubj:pass
3	enclosed	enclose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 chamber	acl
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 gates	case
5	gates	gate	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 enclosed	obl
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 filled	aux:pass
7	filled	fill	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 emptied	cc
9	emptied	empty	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 filled	conj
10	so	so	ADV	_	13 raise	advmod
11	as	as	SCONJ	_	13 raise	mark
12	to	to	PART	_	13 raise	mark
13	raise	raise	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 filled	advcl
14	or	or	CCONJ	_	15 lower	cc
15	lower	lower	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	13 raise	conj
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 vessel	det
17	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 lower	obj
18	between	between	ADP	_	19 levels	case
19	levels	level	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 vessel	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	enclose	participle	a chamber not said here		by gates	vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
2	fill	present · passive	a chamber			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient
3	empty	participle				vn clear-10.3-1 «NP.Source V»: agent=Source
4	raise	to-infinitive				vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
5	lower	infinitive	a vessel	levels		vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent vessel=Theme between level=Destination

Option 2

Vessels are hauled up an inclined bank by draught horses

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hauled	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hauled	aux:pass
3	hauled	haul	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 hauled	compound:prt
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 bank	det
6	inclined	incline	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 bank	amod
7	bank	bank	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 hauled	obj
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 horses	case
9	draught	draught	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 horses	compound
10	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hauled	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	haul up	present · passive	draught horses	Vessels					tree rules
2	incline	participle							vn addict-96 «NP V NP PP.Theme»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The vessel's engine propels it up a waterfall

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 vessel	det
2	vessel	vessel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 engine	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 vessel	case
4	engine	engine	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 propels	nsubj
5	propels	propel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 propels	obj
7	up	up	ADP	_	5 propels	compound:prt
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 waterfall	det
9	waterfall	waterfall	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 propels	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	propel up	present	the vessel's engine	vessel					tree rules

Option 4

The canal is tilted mechanically so that vessels may roll uphill

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 canal	det
2	canal	canal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tilted	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 tilted	aux:pass
4	tilted	tilt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	mechanically	mechanically	ADV	_	4 tilted	advmod
6	so	so	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	10 roll	mark
7	that	that	SCONJ	_	6 so	fixed
8	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 roll	nsubj
9	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 roll	aux
10	roll	roll	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 tilted	advcl
11	uphill	uphill	ADV	_	10 roll	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tilt	present · passive		the canal				mechanically property	vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
2	roll	may	vessels					uphill property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/24-ships-ports-and-submarines/e4/