Exam question 2 · Road and railway safety

It is given that one train has passed a level crossing whereas the warning lights continue to flash. Select the appropriate course of action.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: level, warning lights, you · What happens: give, pass, cross, continue, flash, select · To what, where: It, one train, appropriate course

This is exam question 2 of lesson 27 «Road and railway safety» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: It is given that one train has passed a level crossing whereas the warning lights continue to flash.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 given	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 given	aux:pass
3	given	give	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 passed	mark
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 train	nummod
6	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 passed	nsubj:pass
7	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 passed	aux
8	passed	pass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 given	advcl
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 level	det
10	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 passed	obj
11	crossing	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	10 level	acl
12	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	16 continue	mark
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 lights	det
14	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 lights	compound
15	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 continue	nsubj
16	continue	continue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 crossing	advcl
17	to	to	PART	_	18 flash	mark
18	flash	flash	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 continue	xcomp
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 given	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	give	present · passive		It	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	pass	present · perfect · passive		one train	vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient level=Theme
3	cross	gerund	a level not said here		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	continue	present	the warning lights		vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
5	flash	to-infinitive	the warning lights not said here		vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Select the appropriate course of action.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 course	det
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 course	amod
4	course	course	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 action	case
6	action	action	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 course	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the appropriate course of action					vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Theme

The options

Option 1

To pass beneath the barrier with caution

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 pass	mark
2	pass	pass	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	5 barrier	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 barrier	det
5	barrier	barrier	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pass	obl
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 caution	case
7	caution	caution	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pass	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	to-infinitive				the barrier		with caution	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme beneath barrier=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

To cross with all possible haste prior to the arrival of any further train

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 cross	mark
2	cross	cross	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	6 haste	case
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 haste	det
5	possible	possible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 haste	amod
6	haste	haste	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cross	obl
7	prior	prior	ADJ	Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP	10 arrival	case
8	to	to	ADP	_	7 prior	fixed
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 arrival	det
10	arrival	arrival	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 cross	obl
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 train	case
12	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	14 train	det
13	further	further	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 train	amod
14	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 arrival	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cross	to-infinitive						with all possible haste; prior the arrival of any further train	vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	arrive		any further train						nom arrival «act intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

To remain behind the barrier until the lights are extinguished, since a further train may be approaching

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 remain	mark
2	remain	remain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	behind	behind	ADP	_	5 barrier	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 barrier	det
5	barrier	barrier	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 remain	obl
6	until	until	SCONJ	_	10 extinguished	mark
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 lights	det
8	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 extinguished	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 extinguished	cop
10	extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 remain	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 approaching	punct
12	since	since	SCONJ	_	18 approaching	mark
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 train	det
14	further	further	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 train	amod
15	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 approaching	nsubj
16	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 approaching	aux
17	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	18 approaching	aux
18	approaching	approach	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 extinguished	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	remain	to-infinitive		the barrier		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind barrier=Location
2	is	present	the lights		extinguished property	tree rules
3	approach	may · progressive	a further train			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

To cross provided that no train is visible

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	3 provided	mark
2	cross	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 provided	aux:pass
3	provided	provide	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 visible	mark
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 train	det
6	train	train	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 visible	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 visible	cop
8	visible	visible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 provided	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	provide	to-infinitive · passive							vn ensure-99 «NP V that S»
2	is	present	no train					visible property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/27-road-and-railway-safety/e2/