Exam question 3 · Bridges and skyscrapers

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the structural support of a skyscraper.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, support · To what, where: response, structural support, skyscraper

This is exam question 3 of lesson 30 «Bridges and skyscrapers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 support	det
11	structural	structural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 support	amod
12	support	support	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 skyscraper	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 skyscraper	det
15	skyscraper	skyscraper	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 support	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the structural support of a skyscraper		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus support=Experiencer
4	support			a skyscraper		nom support «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The glazed external walls sustain the entire weight of the structure

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 walls	det
2	glazed	glaze	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 walls	amod
3	external	external	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 walls	amod
4	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 sustain	nsubj
5	sustain	sustain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 weight	det
7	entire	entire	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 weight	amod
8	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sustain	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 structure	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 structure	det
11	structure	structure	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 weight	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	glaze	participle							vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent
2	sustain	present	the glazed external walls	the entire weight of the structure					vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent weight=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

A core and frame of steel or concrete convey its weight to deep foundations, the external walls being a mere skin

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 core	det
2	core	core	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 convey	nsubj
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 frame	cc
4	frame	frame	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 core	conj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 steel	case
6	steel	steel	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 core	nmod
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 concrete	cc
8	concrete	concrete	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 steel	conj
9	convey	convey	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 weight	nmod:poss
11	weight	weight	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 convey	obj
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 foundations	case
13	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 foundations	amod
14	foundations	foundation	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 convey	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 walls	punct
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 walls	det
17	external	external	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 walls	amod
18	walls	wall	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 foundations	nmod
19	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	22 skin	cop
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 skin	det
21	mere	mere	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 skin	amod
22	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 walls	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	convey	present	a core of steel or concrete and frame	concrete's weight	deep foundations the external walls				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent weight=Topic to foundation=Recipient
2	is a	gerund		a mere skin					tree rules

Option 3

The structure is sustained by the air pressure within

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 structure	det
2	structure	structure	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sustained	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sustained	aux:pass
4	sustained	sustain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 pressure	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 pressure	det
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 pressure	compound
8	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sustained	obl
9	within	within	ADP	_	4 sustained	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sustain	present · passive	the air pressure	the structure					vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 4

The structure is sustained by its lifts and staircases alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 structure	det
2	structure	structure	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sustained	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 sustained	aux:pass
4	sustained	sustain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 lifts	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 lifts	nmod:poss
7	lifts	lift	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 sustained	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 staircases	cc
9	staircases	staircase	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 lifts	conj
10	alone	alone	ADV	_	7 lifts	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sustain	present · passive	structure's lifts and staircases	the structure					vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	lift		structure						nom lift «act intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/30-bridges-and-skyscrapers/e3/