Test 10 · ★ · Roads and road signs

Why do roundabouts often keep traffic moving better than lights at a quiet junction?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: roundabouts, traffic · What happens: do, keep, move · To what, where: traffic, quiet junction

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 31 «Roads and road signs» of the technology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 do	advmod
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 keep	advcl
3	roundabouts	roundabout	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 keep	nsubj
4	often	often	ADV	_	5 keep	advmod
5	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 keep	obj
7	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 traffic	acl
8	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 moving	xcomp
9	than	than	ADP	_	10 lights	case
10	lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 better	obl
11	at	at	ADP	_	14 junction	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 junction	det
13	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 junction	amod
14	junction	junction	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 moving	obl
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	do	present	roundabouts not said here				vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	keep	present	roundabouts	traffic		often property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent traffic=Theme
3	move	gerund	traffic not said here		a quiet junction	good property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme at junction=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Roundabouts make cars drive faster than the limit

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Roundabouts	roundabout	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	nsubj
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 make	obj
4	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 make	xcomp
5	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	4 drive	advmod
6	than	than	ADP	_	8 limit	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 limit	det
8	limit	limit	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 drive	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	Roundabouts	cars					tree rules
2	drive	infinitive	cars not said here					than the limit; fast property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Cars only stop when something is coming, not on a timer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stop	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 stop	advmod
3	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	7 coming	advmod
5	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	7 coming	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 coming	aux
7	coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 stop	advcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 timer	punct
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 timer	advmod
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 timer	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 timer	det
12	timer	timer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stop	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	Cars						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	come	present · progressive	something						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Cars can go round as many times as they like until they find a gap in the traffic

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cars	car	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 go	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 go	aux
3	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	round	round	ADV	_	3 go	advmod
5	as	as	ADV	_	6 many	advmod
6	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 times	amod
7	times	time	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 go	obl:unmarked
8	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 like	mark
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 like	nsubj
10	like	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 go	advcl
11	until	until	SCONJ	_	13 find	mark
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 find	nsubj
13	find	find	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 like	advcl
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 gap	det
15	gap	gap	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 find	obj
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 traffic	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 traffic	det
18	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 gap	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go round	can	Cars			time	round property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	like	present	Cars = car					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot
3	find	present	Cars = car	a gap	the traffic			vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gap=Topic

Option 4

Lights stop all traffic for hours

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lights	light	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 stop	nsubj
2	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 traffic	det
4	traffic	traffic	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stop	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 hours	case
6	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 stop	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	present	Lights	all traffic			hour		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality traffic=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/technology/31-roads-and-road-signs/t10/