Exam question 1 · Clothes: T-shirts, jeans and trainers

Identify the principal reason for which the interior surface of denim is paler than its exterior.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, principal reason · What happens: identify, be · To what, where: principal reason

This is exam question 1 of lesson 5 «Clothes: T-shirts, jeans and trainers» of the technology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 paler	nsubj
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 surface	det
8	interior	interior	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 surface	amod
9	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 paler	nsubj
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 denim	case
11	denim	denim	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 surface	nmod
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 paler	cop
13	paler	pale	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 reason	acl:relcl
14	than	than	ADP	_	16 exterior	case
15	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	16 exterior	nmod:poss
16	exterior	exterior	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 paler	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	is	present	the principal reason					than surface's exterior; pale property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The dye is applied by brush to the exterior alone

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dye	det
2	dye	dye	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 applied	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 applied	aux:pass
4	applied	apply	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 brush	case
6	brush	brush	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 applied	obl
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 exterior	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 exterior	det
9	exterior	exterior	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 applied	obl
10	alone	alone	ADV	_	4 applied	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	apply	present · passive		the dye				by brush; to the exterior; alone property	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme by brush=Destination

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The fabric is woven with blue-dyed threads in one direction and undyed threads in the other

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 fabric	det
2	fabric	fabric	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 woven	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 woven	aux:pass
4	woven	weave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	9 threads	case
6	blue	blue	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 dyed	amod
7	-	-	PUNCT	_	6 blue	punct
8	dyed	dye	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 threads	amod
9	threads	thread	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 woven	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 direction	case
11	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 direction	nummod
12	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 threads	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 threads	cc
14	undyed	undyed	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 threads	amod
15	threads	thread	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 threads	conj
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 other	case
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 other	det
18	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 woven	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	weave	present · passive		the fabric		the other		with dyed threads in one direction and undyed threads	vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Product
2	dye	participle							vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The interior is bleached by the factory subsequent to sewing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 interior	det
2	interior	interior	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bleached	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bleached	aux:pass
4	bleached	bleach	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 subsequent	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 subsequent	det
7	factory	factory	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 subsequent	compound
8	subsequent	subsequent	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bleached	obl
9	to	to	ADP	_	10 sewing	case
10	sewing	sewing	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 subsequent	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bleach	present · passive	the factory subsequent to sewing	the interior					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 4

The interior is faded through contact with the wearer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 interior	det
2	interior	interior	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 faded	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 faded	aux:pass
4	faded	fade	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	through	through	ADP	_	6 contact	case
6	contact	contact	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 faded	obl
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 wearer	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 wearer	det
9	wearer	wearer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 contact	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fade	present · passive		the interior		contact with the wearer			vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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