Test 2 · ★ · Animal sounds, rain, snow, sun and rainbows

Why does Ukrainian say rain is "going" instead of falling?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Ukrainian, rain · What happens: say, go, fall · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 23 «Animal sounds, rain, snow, sun and rainbows» of the Ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 say	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 say	aux
3	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 say	nsubj
4	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 going	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 going	aux
7	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 going	punct
8	going	go	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 say	ccomp
9	"	"	PUNCT	_	8 going	punct
10	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=SCONJ	12 falling	mark
11	of	of	ADP	_	10 instead	fixed
12	falling	fall	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 going	advcl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 say	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present · do-support	Ukrainian	vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	go in a quote	present · progressive	rain	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	fall	gerund	rain not said here	vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Because "ide" means "falls" in old Ukrainian

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 means	mark
2	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ide	punct
3	ide	ide	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 means	nsubj
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	3 ide	punct
5	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 falls	punct
7	falls	fall	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 means	obj
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 falls	punct
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 Ukrainian	case
10	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 Ukrainian	amod
11	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 means	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	present	ide	falls				in old Ukrainian	vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot fall=Theme in ukrainian=Attribute

Option 2

Because rain walks along the ground

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	3 walks	mark
2	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 walks	nsubj
3	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	along	along	ADP	_	6 ground	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ground	det
6	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 walks	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	present	rain			the ground			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along ground=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

That's just how the language says it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 how	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 how	cop
3	just	just	ADV	_	4 how	advmod
4	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 language	det
6	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 says	nsubj
7	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 how	ccomp
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 how	nsubj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	That					how property	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	present	the language						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Because it's a joke word

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	6 word	mark
2	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 word	nsubj
3	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 word	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 word	det
5	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 word	compound
6	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	a joke word					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/ukrainian-street/23-animal-sounds-rain-snow-sun-rainbows/t2/