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Test 3 · ★★★ · Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet

A ship sends three short, three long and three short flashes of light at night. What is it telling you?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: ship, light · What happens: send, flash, tell · To what, where: you · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 3 · ★★★ of lesson 100 «Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A ship sends three short, three long and three short flashes of light at night.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ship	det
2	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sends	nsubj
3	sends	send	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 short	nummod
5	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sends	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 long	punct
7	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 long	nummod
8	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sends	parataxis
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 flashes	cc
10	three	three	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	12 flashes	nummod
11	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 flashes	amod
12	flashes	flash	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 long	conj
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 light	case
14	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 flashes	nmod
15	at	at	ADP	_	16 night	case
16	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sends	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sends	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	send	present	a ship				night	short property	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	flash		light						nom flash «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is it telling you?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 telling	obj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 telling	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 telling	nsubj
4	telling	tell	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	you	you	PRON	Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs	4 telling	iobj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 telling	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	present · progressive	ship		you				vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent you=Recipient what=Topic

The options

Option 1

It is about to leave the harbour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 about	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 about	cop
3	about	about	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 leave	mark
5	leave	leave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 about	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 harbour	det
7	harbour	harbour	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 leave	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					about property	tree rules
2	leave	to-infinitive		the harbour					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent harbour=Theme

Option 2

It has just caught many fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 caught	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 caught	aux
3	just	just	ADV	_	4 caught	advmod
4	caught	catch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 fish	amod
6	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 caught	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	present · perfect · passive		It					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary fish=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is in danger and needs help

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 danger	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 danger	cop
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 danger	case
4	danger	danger	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 needs	cc
6	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 danger	conj
7	help	help	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 needs	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It			danger			tree rules
2	need	present		help					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot help=Theme

Option 4

It is greeting another ship

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 greeting	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 greeting	aux
3	greeting	greet	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	5 ship	det
5	ship	ship	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 greeting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	greet speech: greet	present · progressive	It	another ship					vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/t3/